摘 要：随着居民生活水平的不断提高，自行车不再仅仅是普通的运输、代步的工具，而是成为人们娱乐、休闲、锻炼的首选。基于单片机的自行车测速仪能够满足人们最基本的需求，让人们能清楚地知道当前的速度、里程等物理量。本设计主要阐述基于单片机的自行车测速仪的设计。以STC89C51单片机为核心，霍尔传感器测转数，实现对自行车里程/速度的测量统计，并能将自行车的里程数和速度用LCD实时显示。文章详细介绍了基于单片机的自行车测速仪的硬件电路和软件设计。硬件部分利用霍尔传感器将自行车每转一圈的脉冲数传入单片机系统，然后单片机系统将信号经过处理送入LCD显示。软件部分用汇编语言进行编程，采用模块化设计思想。该系统硬件电路简单，子程序具有通用性，完全符合设计要求。65382

毕业论文关键词：里程/速度，霍尔传感器，单片机，LCD显示 

Abstract:With the continuous improvement of living standards, it is no longer just an ordinary bicycle transportation, travel tools, but become entertainment, leisure, exercise of choice. Bicycle speedometer based on single chip microcomputer can satisfy people's most basic needs, make people can know clearly the current speed, mileage and other physical quantities. This design mainly in this paper, the design based on single chip microcomputer bicycle speedometer. STC89C51 microcontroller as the core, hall sensor revolution, implementation of bicycle mileage/speed measurement, and can use the mileage and speed of the bicycle LCD real-time display. Article introduces in detail based on single chip microcomputer hardware circuit and software design of the bicycle speedometer. Hardware part of hall sensor to bike the number of pulses per turn into the single chip microcomputer system, and then the signal is processed into single-chip microcomputer system LCD display. Software part in assembly language programming, using modular design thought. Software part in assembly language programming, using modular design thought. The system hardware circuit is simple, the subroutine is versatile, fully meet the design requirements.

Keywords:Mileage / speed, Hall sensor, Chip microcomputer, LCD 

目   录

1  绪言 4

1.1  课题背景 4

1.2  课题的主要任务及内容 4

2.1  任务分析与实现 4

2.2  基于单片机的自行车测速仪硬件方案设计 5

2.3  基于单片机的自行车测速仪软件方案设计 6

3  基于单片机的自行车测速仪硬件电路设计 7

3.1  概述 7

3.2  传感器及其测量系统 8

3.3  单片机的原理及应用 8

3.3.1  单片机原理简介 8

3.3.2  单片机的引脚功能介绍 9

3.4  其他器件的介绍 9

3.4.1  DC电源插口 9

3.4.2  自锁开关 10

3.4.3  上拉排阻 10

3.5  单片机外围电路的设计 10

3.5.1  时钟电路的设计 10

3.5.2  复位电路的设计