摘要在现代煤仓被测物大多处于黑暗、尘灰、潮湿、高温等恶劣环境下，如果工作人员对煤仓存量进行直接测量就会危及生命安全。为了解决此类问题，需要与被测物体不直接接触、不借助人力介入就能够实时、清晰、稳定显示测量结果。现如今超声波测距在工业、医疗等点滴生活得到广泛运用。主要得益于其方向性好、损耗小、检测灵敏度较高、使用便捷、设备轻巧、成本低廉等优点，为此我进行了基于超声波测距的煤仓存量检测系统的设计。70317

该系统以AT89C51单片机为核心控制单元，采用HC-SR04典型超声波测距模块进行料位高度的测量，借助辉盛S90舵机来实现测量角度转换，并设有数码管容量显示电路和声光报警电路，能够自动进行煤仓的容量测量并具有实时显示功能。

本文中舵机每转换5º角度，单片机就发出最少10us的高电平到HC-SR04超声波测距模块输入口，模块自动返回信号到单片机IO口借此计算高电平时间，换算之后将测得的物料高度记录，最后将所有测得的物料高度数据进行计算分析后在数码管显示模块显示出当前测量容量值。在设计完成之后，对整个模块进行验证，并对其进行分析、调试、纠错，最终完成设计成果。

该论文有图20幅，表7个，参考文献24篇。

毕业论文关键词：单片机  超声波测距模块  舵机  数码管显示

The design of bunker stock Detection System based on ultrasonic distance measurement

Abstract

In modern society,coal bunkers measured object are mostly in the dark, dust, moisture, high temperature and other harsh environments.if the staff bunker direct measurement of the stock will be life-threatening.So in order to solve such problems and the object needs to be in indirect contact.Without the aid of human intervention there are real-time, clear and stable measurement results. Now Ultrasonic Ranging in industrial, medical and other bits of life have been widely used. Mainly due to its good directivity, low loss, high sensitivity, easy to use, lightweight equipment, low cost, etc., So I design the bunker stocks detection system based on ultrasonic distance measurement.

The system choose AT89c51 microcontroller as the core control unit, typically using HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module height measurements material level, with the Frasers S90 steering angle measurement to achieve the conversion, and a digital display circuit and sound and light alarm capacity circuit, can automatically measure bunker capacity and has a real-time display.

Herein steering angle 5º per conversion, the microcontroller emitting at least 10us high level to the HC-SR04 ultrasonic ranging module input port, the module automatically return signal to the microcontroller IO port time difference, the measured height of the material recorded, and finally all after the measured material height data were calculated and analyzed in the digital display module displays the current measured capacitance value. After the design is complete, the entire module is verified and its error correction and analysis, the final design is completed.

This paper has 20 figures、7 tables and 30 references.

Key words: Microcontroller  UltrasonicRanging  ModuleServo  Digital display

目  录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ