摘要随着社会的进步和科技的提高，其中PID控制器的发展也顺应了社会发展的主题。旧的控制技术已渐渐不能满足人们的需求，所以PID控制器不仅对于工业设备来说是必不可少的组成部分，而且对于满足人们需求来说也逐渐取代了传统的控制方法。73452

通常来说，PID控制器都具有控制简单、稳定性好、可靠性高的特点，所以对于一些对象无法实现同时需要快速无级平滑调速时，就会用到PID控制器。目前一些新技术的发明，不仅未能取代PID控制，反而更加凸显PID控制器的重要。PID控制与智能设备之间的联系越来越密切，并且相互推动相互发展，所以对于PID控制器参数整定技术的要求也注定了其发展的必然性。文章通过8051单片机来实现PID控制器的控制功能，通过电源电路给单片机供电，显示器来显示参数和参数数值，按键电路来调节PID功能设定值，复位晶振电路来复位使程序初始化，A/D与D/A模块实现模拟量与数字量的变换，通过运用PID算法，来完成PID的参数整定,并具有掉电保护功能。

毕业论文关键词：PID控制器  8051单片机  PID参数

General PID controller based on single chip microcomputer

Abstract  With the progress of society and the improvement of science and technology, the development of PID controller also complies with the theme of social development。 Old control technology has been gradually unable to meet people's needs, so PID controller not only for industrial equipment is an essential part of, and to meet the needs of people also gradually replaced the traditional control method。

    Generally speaking, PID controller has the characteristics of simple control, good stability, high reliability, so for some objects can not be achieved at the same time need to quickly and continuously smooth speed regulation, it will use the PID controller。 At present, the emergence of some new technologies, not only did not replace the PID control, but more highlights the importance of PID controller。 The relationship between PID control and intelligent equipment is more and more close, and mutual promotion of mutual development, so the PID controller parameters tuning technology is also destined to the requirements of its development。 Article through the 8051 microcontroller to achieve the control function of the PID controller, through the power supply circuit to supply power to the microcontroller, the display to display the parameters and parameter values, key circuit to adjust the PID function value is set, reset crystal oscillator circuit to reset initialization program, a / D and D / A module realize analog quantity and digital quantity of transformation, through the use of the PID algorithm to complete PID parameter tuning ,and has the power down protection function。

Key words: PID controller  8051 single chip microcomputer  PID parameter

目  录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

目  录 III

1 概述 1

1。1 研究背景及意义 1

1。2 国内外现状 2

1。3 论文内容与结构 2

2 系统的整体设计方案 3

2。1 系统设计方案 3

2。2 系统的性能要求 3

2。3 主控模块 4

2。4 PID控制 7

2。5 本章小结 11

3 电路设计