摘  要：电池管理系统可有效保证矿用救生舱蓄电池组应急电源可靠稳定运行，在煤矿发生灾变时为应急救援创造条件、赢得时间。本文设计了一套矿用救生舱蓄电池组智能管理 系统。首先对锂离子电池的物理结构及电化学充放电原理进行研究，在实验基础上获取其 开路电压特性、温度特性和倍率特性。其次设计电池管理系统整体功能框架，并研究电池 的充电设备开关电源、放电对象逆变器模块的原理，针对单体电池的不一致性提出电池组 均衡技术及电路，同时阐述数据采集模块、诊断保护模块、状态估算模块和人机交互模块 的功能。然后研究常见的电池模型，针对现有电池荷电状态的估算策略及其影响因数，提 出基于拓展卡尔曼算法的荷电状态估算策略，并在实验数据的基础上建立估算策略的数学 模型，利用 MATLAB 软件实现模型的验证。最后给出基于 C8051F350 微控制器的电池管理 系统软硬件设计方案并且搭建上位机 GUI 模块，实现对电池组工况的实时、在线管控。对 电池管理系统仿真的测试表明其功能符合矿用救生舱不间断电源的技术要求。75451

毕业论文关键字：矿用救生舱，锂离子电池，电池管理系统，荷电状态，卡尔曼算法，C8051F350 微控制器

Abstract: The battery management system can effectively ensure the mine rescue  capsule battery emergency power supply reliable and stable operation, to create  conditions for emergency rescue at coal mine disaster, to gain time。 This paper designed a mine rescue capsule intelligent battery management system。 First, research the physical structure of lithium-ion batteries and electrochemical charge and discharge principle, access to the open circuit voltage characteristics, temperature characteristics and rate characteristics on an experimental basis。 Secondly, design the overall of the battery management system function framework and research equipment switching power supply battery charging and discharging objects inverter module principle for single cell battery inconsistencies proposed equalization circuit technology and, at the same time elaborated data acquisition module, diagnostic protection module, the state estimation function modules and human-computer interaction module。 Then study the common battery model to estimate the policy for the existing state of charge of the battery and its impact factor, proposed estimation algorithm based on extended Kalman state of charge of strategy and tactics of a mathematical model to estimate the basis of experimental data on the use of MATLAB software to verify the model。 Finally, based on the battery management system hardware and software design C8051F350 microcontroller and build PC GUI module, battery pack conditions in real time, on-line control。 The battery management system simulation tests show its features correspond to mine rescue capsule technical requirements for uninterruptible power supply。

Keyword: mine rescue capsule, lithium ion battery, battery management system, state of charge, Kalman algorithm , C8051F350 microcontroller

目  录

1 绪论。 5

1。1 课题研究背景及意义。 5

1。2 矿用救生舱及电池管理系统发展概况。 5

1。3  本文研究内容 6

2 锂离子电池工作机理与特性 。 7

2。1  锂离子电池工作机理 8

2。1。1 锂离子电池的物理结构 8

2。1。2 磷酸铁锂电池的电化学原理