摘要船舶锚机是船舶上所必需的十分重要配套设备，对船舶在水面安全停泊、系泊在码头起非常重要的安全作用。本文在传统继电器-接触器控制模式基础上，引入PLC可编程逻辑控制器对传统船舶锚机控制进行升级，使系统更加可靠、调试维护方便。78056

本文首先详细介绍了锚机控制系统动作原理，分析锚机控制要求，绘制相应的控制流程图，在此基础上分析和研究锚机所需要满足的电力拖动要求和特点，设计出可行的异步变极三速锚机电机系统方案。然后，阐述德国西门子S7-200系列PLC的工作原理，设计出了基于PLC控制器的锚绞机系统控制方案，搭建了PLC控制系统的硬件结构，编写了控制系统的软件程序，实现对船舶锚机的控制要求。

最后，为了实现船舶锚机自动控制的功能验证，对船舶锚机控制系统进行仿真调试，仿真结果表明本文设计的软件程序可以满足系统的控制要求。

毕业论文关键词：船舶锚机； 继电器控制 ；可编程逻辑控制器；自动化

Abstract Anchor gear is an important equipment necessary for the ship。 It is very important for the safety of the ship to berth at the surface of the water or the mooring。 Based on the traditional relay contactor control mode, the PLC programmable logic controller is introduced to upgrade the traditional ship anchor machine control, which makes the system more reliable and easy to debug and maintain。

In this paper, firstly, we introduce the anchor gear system operation principle and analyze the anchor gear control requirements , draw up the corresponding control flow chart。 Based on the analysis and research of the electric drive requirements and characteristics of the anchor gear, this paper designs a feasible scheme of three speed anchor motor system。 Then this paper discusses the working principle of Germany's Siemens S7-200 series PLC and designs control scheme based on PLC controller of anchor and mooring winch system。 This paper sets up the hardware structure of PLC control system, and develops the software program of the control system to meet the control requirements of the ship anchor gear。

Finally, in order to achieve the function of automatic control of the ship anchor machine, the simulation and debugging of the ship anchor machine control system is carried out。 Simulation results show that the software program designed in this paper can meet the control requirements of the system。

Keywords :  anchor gear;  relay -contactor control;  programmable logic controller;  automation

目  录

第一章  绪论 1

1。1选题的背景和意义 1

1。1。1选题背景 1

1。1。2选题意义 2

1。2国内外研究现状 2

1。2。1国内外锚机控制系统研究成果 2

1。2。2 PLC的发展和研究现状 3

1。2。3船舶锚机发展趋势 3

1。3本文的主要研究方向和内容 3

第2章 锚机控制系统的原理和设计 4

2。1锚机控制系统动作原理详细介绍 4

2。2锚机的电力控制要求和特点 6

2。2。1 锚机所需要满足的电力拖动要求 6

2。2。2锚机控制电路的一些特点 6

2。3锚机电机系统设计