摘要：MATLAB语言是一种使用计算矩阵为基础交互的程序语言。拥有众多复合型函数，拥有各种类型的运算工具箱，如数字信号处理、高等数学计算、图像信号处理、音频信号处理、自动控制原理、数字通信等各种数据处理。拥有多种模块Simulink工作平台，并且可以使用GUI编程将模块可视化，使用起来更加方便。同时能够根据需求来编辑自己所需要的算法，能够在更多领域中使用其快捷的计算功能。82266

本课题的设计使用MATLAB的数字滤波器、频谱显示，针对在相同条件下使用专业录音笔于相同模式下采集的管乐乐音进行杂音滤波及频谱分析。并使用GUI功能使每个实验结果可视化，分别显示音频的波形图、时域图及频谱图。根据每种乐器不同经过采集、滤波后得到的数据图分析出各个乐器每个发音的特点与谐波规律，从而发现不同乐器中音色不同的原因。

毕业论文关键词：MATLAB；IIR、FIR滤波器；GUI可视化见面；频谱图；音色与泛音列；

Design of speech signal acquisition and analysis program based on MATLAB

Abstract: MATLAB language is a kind of programming language based on computational matrix。 It has many complex functions, with various types of computing toolbox, such as mathematics calculation, image signal processing, audio signal processing, automatic control principle, digital signal processing, digital communication and data processing。 MATLAB is convenient to use GUI programming module visualization with a variety of modules Simulink working platform。 At the same time, according to the needs of the algorithm to edit their own needs, MATLAB can be used in more areas of its fast computing functions。

The design of this subject use the MATLAB filter, spectrum display, GUI module, analysis the band musical instruments collecting by using the professional recording pen under the same conditions in the same mode noise filtering and spectrum for the use of professional 。 And use the GUI function to make the display of each analysis visualization, showing the audio waveform, time domain and frequency spectrum。 According to the data collected by each instrument after the filter, the data obtained after the analysis of the characteristics of the various musical instruments and harmonic characteristics of the pronunciation, thus found that different instruments in the different reasons for the timbre。

Keywords: MATLAB;IIR,FIR filter;GUI;Spectrogram;overtone series and timbre; 

目录

摘要 i

Abstract i

目录 iii

1  绪论 1

1。1 语音信号处理的发展 1

1。2 MATLAB的发展与语音信号分析应用 1

1。3 设计目的及意义 2

1。4 设计思路及流程 2

2  音频信号采集方式与MATLAB数字滤波器分析设计 3

2。1 音频信号的采集 3

2。1。1 音频信号采集工具 3

2。1。2 录音笔的选择及录制模式 4

2。1。3 LPCM线性脉冲编码调制 5

2。1。4采样频率与比特率 5

2。2 MATLAB数字滤波器设计 5

2。2。1双线性变换IIR数字滤波器 5

2。2。2 窗函数法的FIR数字滤波器。