摘要冲压成形是金属板料加工一种重要方式，被广泛应用于汽车制造等工业领域。 在板料冲压成形中存在着开裂、起皱和回弹三种最主要的缺陷，其中控制回弹量是 最难以实现的。由于回弹的存在导致冲压件的尺寸精度和表面质量出现误差，且当 回弹量超过设计允许误差范围后就会产生缺陷。因此，对回弹现象的研究成为学术 界长期关注的热点。80620

在对回弹问题的研究中，球形件这类浅拉深件的回弹研究相对较少，因此本文 针对这一问题，利用数值模拟的方法探讨了球形件的拉深及回弹规律，并研究了模 具型面补偿法对回弹的控制。在本文中，首先详细阐述了板料冲压成形的特点及球 形件的拉深受力特点，分析了板料冲压成形中常见的缺陷以及引起回弹现象的根本 原因，并探讨了回弹研究的数值模拟分析方法及影响因素。其次根据有限元的基本 知识建立了球形件的有限元模型。在此基础上，分析了不同铝合金材料、摩擦系数、 压边力及冲压速度等工艺参数对球形件成形质量的影响规律，继而分析了这些工艺 参数对后续回弹的影响规律。最后介绍了常见的回弹控制方法，利用模具型面补偿 法控制球形件的冲压回弹，并对其进行模拟研究。

毕业论文关键词：冲压成形；回弹；球形件；数值模拟

Abstract Stamping is an important way of sheet metal processing。 It is widely used in automobile manufacturing and other industrial fields。 There are three main defects in sheet metal stamping, such as wrinkling, crack and springback。 It is  the  most  difficult  to control the springback。 Due to springback, it has lead to the error of the surface  quality and dimension accuracy。 And when the springback amount exceeds the design of permissible error range will produce defects。 Therefore, the research on  springback become the focus of the academia for a long time。

In the study of springback, the research of the springback of shallow spherical part drawing is relatively small。 So in view of the problem, the rule of deep drawing and springback of spherical parts is studied by using numerical simulation。 And this paper studied die surface compensation method for springback control。 In this paper, firstly, it introduces the characteristics of the drawing of sheet metal forming and the mechanical characteristics of the spherical parts。 It introduces the common defects in sheet metal forming, and analyzs the reasons caused the springback phenomenon。 This paper also expounds the method and influencing factors of the numerical simulation research of springback。 Then, it established the finite element model of spherical parts by the basic knowledge of finite element analysis。 On this basis, it analyzes the different Aluminum Alloy materials, friction coefficients, blank holder forces and stamping speeds how to influence the forming of spherical parts, and the influence law of these parameters on the springback is analyzed。 Lastly, this paper introduced some common springback control methods and the die surface compensation method to controlled the springback of the spherical parts。

Keywords: stamping; spherical part; springback; numerical simulation

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 研究背景 1

1。2 板料冲压回弹研究与发展现状 1

1。3 选题意义及主要研究内容 3

1。3。1 选题意义 3

1。3。2 研究内容 3

第二章 板料冲压成形与回弹 5