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When humans learn a new motor skill from a teacher, they learn using multiple channels. They receive high level information aurally about the skill, visual information about how another performs the skill, and at times, tactile information from the teacher’s physical guidance. This research proposes a novel approach where the student receives real-time tactile feedback,simultaneously over all joints, delivered through a wearable robotic system. This tactile feedback can supplement the visual or auditory feedback from the teacher. Our results using a 5-DOF robotic suit show a 27% improvement in accuracy while performing the target motion, and an accelerated learning rate of up to 23%. We report both of these results with high statistical significance (p ≤ 0.01). This research is intended for use in a perse set of applications including sports training,motor rehabilitation after neurological damage, dance, postural retraining for health, and many others. We call this system 22873
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TIKL: Tactile Interaction for Kinesthetic Learning.
Abstract—When humans learn a new motor skill from a
teacher, they learn using multiple channels. They receive high
level information aurally about the skill, visual information
about how another performs the skill, and at times, tactile
information from the teacher’s physical guidance. This research
proposes a novel approach where the student receives real-
time tactile feedback, simultaneously over all joints, delivered
through a wearable robotic system. This tactile feedback can
supplement the visual or auditory feedback from the teacher.
Our results using a 5-DOF robotic suit show a 27% improve-
ment in accuracy while performing the target motion, and an
accelerated learning rate of up to 23%. We report both of
these results with high statistical significance (p ≤ 0.01). This
research is intended for use in a perse set of applications in-
cluding sports training, motor rehabilitation after neurological
damage, dance, postural retraining for health, and many others.
We call this system TIKL: Tactile Interaction for Kinesthetic
Learning.
I. INTRODUCTION
People in physical rehabilitation, those with improper
posture, and those wanting dance lessons all face a similar
task – namely, motor learning. Most people benefit from a
teacher who can give real-time feedback through a variety of
channels: auditory (high level behavioral instructions), visual
(by demonstrating the motion themselves), and tactile (by
physically guiding the student). Although tactile feedback
presents the most direct form of motor information, it is
the most difficult for a teacher to give, especially while per-
forming a task themselves. Further, due to human limitations,
instructors cannot give tactile feedback over all human joints
simultaneously.
This research proposes an extension to the human teacher
– a robotic wearable suit that analyzes the target movement
(that could be performed by the teacher) and applies real-
time corrective vibrotactile feedback to the student’s body,
simultaneously over multiple joints. After a period of ac-
climation, the student can utilize this novel high bandwidth
vibrotactile information to more quickly and deeply learn
new motor skills. We describe this system as TIKL: Tactile
Interaction for Kinesthetic Learning.
A. Purpose, Motivation, Applications
Real-time feedback about one’s performance is the most
important factor in learning new motor skills [1] (e.g., visual,
auditory, and tactile modalities). Tactile feedback is unique
in that it directly engages our motor learning systems. There
is no need to map the teacher’s performance onto ourselves,
as is the case with visual feedback. Auditory feedback is