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However, the feedbackinformation of the conceptual design stage has a significant impactin the whole project planning. Therefore, the purpose of this studyis to derive optimal solutions at the conceptual design stage usingthe multi-objective optimization algorithm. The schematic designof the building not only makes it conducive to the improvementof indoor environment, but also helps to reduce building energyconsumption. The proposed multi-objective optimization modelassists designers to make effective and appropriate decisions aswell as to avoid potential errors in the initial stage of building designprocess.Computer simulation and GA method are two most efficientapproaches and simplified methods. For computer simulation,numerous software are applicable to building design process, forexample, Ecoteck, Energyplus, Doe-2, and TRNSYS. If they were suc-cessfully applied in building design process, better building thermaland energy performance will be achieved. Lighting and thermal (LT)method is one of the most established ones which can be used topredict annual initial energy consumption per square meter of floorarea under some input parameters like local climate conditions,orientation of fac ¸ ade, area and type of glazing, etc. Although com-puter simulation is convenient and has greatly developed, it stillhas several setbacks. For this reason, it cannot adequately meet therequirement of the architects or owners in the conceptual designstage. For example, most building simulation tools were originallydeveloped for HVAC engineers, therefore the input/output param-eters and the description method of the available information areinconsistent with the architect’s concept at the conceptual designstage. Also, the existing computer simulation software applicationshave a problem of data compatibility, applicable complexity andnon-intuitive problem which largely hinder the use of computersimulation in the building design process.Many research efforts have been undertaken to assist designersin building design optimization. Several scholars have introducedthe multi-objective genetic algorithm has been introduced in theconstruction sector taking into account the specific objectives toguide the building design, and making the building optimizationdesign more easier and feasible. A review of some of the optimiza-tion studies is presented below.End-use operating energy consumption is the optimizationcriterion in most studies. Al-Homoud [4] and Coley [5] andSchukat studied Heating and cooling energy are covered by whileWetter [6] expanded the scope further by including lightingenergy consumption into the optimization model. If the operat-ing energy consumption is considered as the only optimizationcriterion, the proposed building might have more insulation andless cost-effective. To overcome this problem, several researchinvestigations have used the life cycle cost as the performancecriterion. Since designers don’t consider a single criterion inthe decision-making process, multi-objective optimization mod-els have been proposed.
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