Hall:

15 gH2O/h Kitchen: 2 persons:

20 l CO2/h/person cooking

200 gH2O/h

Bathroom:

2 pers., 2 x 15 min:

20 l CO2/h/person showering:

2000 gH2O/h

08:00-18:00 15 gH2O/h 15 gH2O/h Contaminant emission Hall:

15 gH2O/h

18:00-19:00 15 gH2O/h 15 gH2O/h Hall:

Contaminant emission 15 gH2O/h

Kitchen:

2 persons:

19:00-24:00 15 gH2O/h 2 persons:

50 gH2O/h/person

20 l CO2/h/person

60 gH2O/h/person

15 gH2O/h Contaminant emission

20 l CO2/h/person cooking:

200 gH2O/h

Hall:

15 gH2O/h

Pilot study at the University of Gävle

Apartment

Scenario 1 was investigated in a full-scale test apartment in the laboratory at the Department of Technology and Built Environment, University of Gävle, Sweden. Figure 1 shows the layout of the test apartment. The space volume of the apartment was approximately 175 m3 and the total free floor area was approximately 70 m2. The apartment was equipped with two separate me- chanical extraction fans from the kitchen and the bathroom, respectively.

Figure 1. Floor plan of the test apartment in Gävle, Sweden.

Moisture and pollution loads

Five custom-built humidifiers generated water vapour in the apartment in or- der to simulate human occupancy. Each humidifier consisted of a tank, a spiral tube and a small, hot plate. Through careful adjustment of the spiral tube, water seeped through the tube and droplets dripped onto the hot plate where they evaporated at a known rate. Two humidifiers were placed in the living room, two in the bedroom and one in the entrance hall. In the living room and in the bedroom, respectively, one humidifier was used for simulat- ing human occupancy while the other, like the one in the hall, was used for simulating general background load. In the kitchen and in the bathroom, evaporation of heated water was used for simulating cooking and showering, respectively.

CO2 was used for simulating human occupancy in different rooms. CO2 was dosed according to Table 1, page 7.

In addition, N2O was dosed in the living room in order to simulate emission  of contaminants from building products and furnishings. N2O was dosed con- tinuously and at a constant rate throughout the measurement period.

Ventilation

Scenario 1 was investigated in the test apartment. The continuous exhaust airflow rate was 20 l/s from the kitchen and 15 l/s from the bathroom. Supply air was taken from the laboratory hall through openings in the ceilings of the living room and the bedroom. The measurement period was 72 hours.

Results

Figure 2 below shows an example of the results of the measurements of H2O in all five rooms in the apartment. From the figure it appears that the moisture content in the indoor air increases in all rooms when the occupants shower. The moisture decay lasted several hours.

g H2O/kg air 10,0

8,0

6,0

4,0

2,0

0,0

0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00

Time

Figure 2. Scenario 1. Moisture content in the indoor air in all five rooms.