5)a curtain;

6)a single bed。

All positioned and reported in fig。1。

The configuration so obtained gives 40。5 Kg/m^2 as value for the combustible mass material per unit deck area。

The modeling in the C/Fast simulation program has held account the following hypotheses:

a)the gates between the room and the entrance and the access to the bath are always open;论文网

b)the entry door and that on the balcony are initially closed and they comes, eventually, open during the fire process;

c)the ignition determinant temperature for materials (mattress, television set,  easy chair…) has been taken according to the  table 1 (300°C - ignition flux 10 KW/mq );

d)it is neglected the smoke quantity that it is shift the adjacent room and in the corridor;

e)the ruptures of the glass (door on the balcony) is assess with a thermic sensor to the centre of the door, with an activation temperature of 135°C (ruptures temperature of the glass)。

It initiates the combustion of the first matrimonial mattress and the temperature begins to raise oneself。 Note the diagrams of the temperature and that one of the layer interface smokes from floor Figg。2, 3, 4。

Fig。2 Heat Release Rate Against Time

Fig。3 Upper Layer Temperature Against Time

Fig。4 Interface Height Against Time

The temperature of the entrance (second compartment) differs of some order than that of the room。 The smokes descend rapidly up to licking the floor。 This is in particular evident in the bath where, it is see overleaf completed simulation, the smokes for the aperture absence also ventilation minimum, they remain constantly to quote floor。

After 6。7 minutes the glass of the door on the balcony is ruptured; the general data are synthesized in the following table n。 2。

Table 2: general output data at 6。7 minutes

In the room the temperature of the smokes layer (that moreover arrives up to 37 cm of interface height) is 165°C。 In the entrance there is a lower temperature (smoke layer 20 cm of interface height) 109。1°C。 The heat release is in increasing phase; it has reached the value of 0。14 Mw。

The oxygen percentage (about 19%) is higher to the lowest level for the combustion (10%); even if the temperature in the environment has exceeded for a long time the 135 °c, only now it happens the activation of the heat sensor to the center of the door on the balcony。 The program, in fact, takes account the retard response of the equipment; then it is possible to open the door on the balcony, and to continuous the simulation。

The figure 5, 6, 7 shows from beginning to the end of the simulation。

Fig。5 Heat Release Rate Against Time

Fig。6 Upper Layer Temperature Against Time

the highest temperature is 352°C at same time。 Consequently has place the ignition of the wardrobe, which further elevated the temperature。

In the bath are reached the temperature of about 240°C。 At the time of flashover the general output can be so synthesized:

Table 3: general output data at flashover

Comp 1 Comp 2 Comp 3

Upper Layer Temp。 (°C) 600 352。3 239。9

Lower Layer Temp。 (°C) 132。2 250。3 45。5

Heat Release (Mw) 2。56 0。0 0。0

Layer Height (m) 0。48 0。44