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摘要：本试验旨在探讨横向交互送风对缓解肉牛热应激的效果，以期为该模式在南方高温高湿环境中的推广应用提供试验数据。本试验选择西门塔尔牛及其父本与锦江牛杂交牛各8头。在夏季高温条件下以不开风机为对照组，以开风机为试验组。对照组与试验组各为期7天，试验组和对照组不同时间段的舍外温度、湿度与风速差异均不显著。结果表明：横向吹风显著降低畜舍环境温度；试验组风速显著高于对照组（p＜0.01）；试验组温湿指数差异虽不显著（p＞0.05）却低于对照组。试验组呼吸数显著低于对照组（p＜0.05），西门塔尔牛的呼吸数要高于杂交牛；试验组皮温显著低于对照组（p＜0.05）；试验组直肠温度显著低于对照组（p＜0.05）；安装横向交互对吹型风机可以有效降低舍内温度；并且可以通过提高送风量和风速增加肉牛的对流散热和蒸发散热量，降低肉牛的直肠温度、皮温和呼吸数，缓解高温影响。29797
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毕业论文关键词：西门塔尔牛；锦江牛；横向交互送风；热应激
ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE BEEF CATTLE SHED TO ADD THE PROFILE CROSS VENTILATED IN HOT SUMMER DAYS
Abstract：This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using the lateral interaction ventilation on remitting the heat stress of Simmental cattle’s and Crossbred cattles, in order to make scientific support to apply this model in the climate with high temperature and humidity in South. In this experiment, eight Simmental cattles and eight Crossbred cattles were chosen and numbered. In the high temperature climate in summer, we set the not-using-fan group as control group, and the group that uing fans as experiment group. The experiment lasted 7 days, the outside temperature, humidity and wind speed between control group and experiment group were not significantly different. The result showed that the lateral interaction ventilation decrease the barn temperature significantly. The wind speed of experiment group was significantly higher than control group(p<0.01). The temperature and humidity index was not significantly different(P>0.05),but was lower than control group. The respiratory number of cattles in experiment group was significantly lower than control group (p<0.05),but the respiratory number of Simmental cattle was higher than Crossbred cattles. The skin temperature of cattles in experiment group was significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.05).；The rectal temperature of cattles in experiment group is significantly lower than that of control group(p<0.05)；We suggested that using lateral interaction ventilation fans can decrease the temperature in barns, and can increase the cattles’ dissipation of sensible heat by enhancing the wind speed and the air output, in order to decrease the rectal temperature, skin temperature and respiratory number of cattles, and then remit the heat stress of cattles.
Key words: Simmental ; Crossbred ; Lateral interaction ventilation; heat stress;
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
1.引言2
2.材料与方法3
2.1试验地点和畜舍3 2.2试验设计3
2.2.1测定指标与方法3
2.2.2环境指标4
2.2.3生理指标4
2.结果与分析4
3．讨论6
3.1横向交互送风对畜舍环境的影响6
3.2横向交互送风对肉牛生理指标的影响6
3.2.1对呼吸频率的影响6
3.2.2 对皮肤温度的影响7
3.2.3对直肠温度的影响7
结论7
致谢7
参考文献8
夏季高温天气下横向交互送风肉牛棚舍的环境评价
引言：热应激是指在高温环境中，家畜为了文持机体内部环境相对稳定的生理平衡状态，从细胞分子水平到整个机体全身发生非特异性生理反应，帮助机体更好适应外部环境。促使家畜产生热应激反应最主要是由于家畜所处的外部温热环境。温热环境是影响家畜产热散热、体温调节、能量代谢的主要物理因素，它由温度、湿度、气流、辐射热四个气象因素组成。当温热环境发生改变时，家畜通过不同散热方式（显热散热和潜热散热）调节体温热平衡。