摘要：钠锰氧化物是一种具有高比电容、良好的电化学稳定性和可逆性等特点的材料。其有制作低成本、对环境友好、电化学反应速率快、较宽的电化学窗口等优点。它是一种很有潜力的电化学电容器材料[1-2]。

本文研究目的旨在制作比电容高的钠锰氧化物电极材料，与活性炭电极一起组成不对称超级电容器系统，进行脱盐测试。我们研究的“混合电容去离子（HCDI）”是一种新型脱盐技术，它结合了CDI（电容去离子技术）与电池系统。HCDI由钠锰氧化物电极、阴离子交换膜以及多孔炭电极组成。在这个系统的脱盐工序中，在钠锰氧化物电极的化学反应中捕获钠离子，而氯离子则吸附在活性炭电极的表面上。HCDI不仅比典型的CDI系统展现出两倍多的离子吸附去除能力外，还具有快速的离子除去率和在氯化钠水溶液中优异的稳定性。因此，这些结果表明，对于高浓度氯化钠溶液的脱盐电容技术，HCDI系统是一个十分可行的方法，且实验结果表明，不对称系统脱盐量高达12.34mg/g，比实验过程中对称系统在不同条件下的测试数据都高。虽然不对称系统试验测试的稳定性还有待进一步完善，不过可以确定的是，不对称系统有更好的脱盐效果。

关键词：钠锰氧化物；水热合成；不对称电容器；脱盐测试

Abstract：Sodium manganese oxide is a kind of the material which has a high specific capacitance, good electrochemical reversibility and stability characteristics. It also has many advantages, such as: production of low cost, friendly to the environment, the fast of electrochemical reaction rate, wide electrochemical window and so on. It is a kind of very potential electrochemical capacitor materials.

The purpose of this study is preparing sodium manganese oxide electrode materials with high specific capacitance and the activated carbon electrode consists of an asymmetric supercapacitor system， then test. The hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI)  we study is   a new type of desalination technology, which combines the CDI and HCDI cell system. By sodium manganese oxide electrode. The anion exchange membrane and porous carbon electrode. In the desalination process of this system, capture the sodium ions in the chemical reaction of sodium manganese oxide electrode, and the adsorption of chloride ions on the surface of the activated carbon electrode on. HCDI than the typical CDI system shows more than two times. The adsorption capacity, also has a fast ion removal rate and stability in aqueous sodium chloride solution is excellent. Therefore, these results show that for high concentration desalination capacitor technology Sodium Chloride Solution, HCDI system is  a very feasible method， And the experimental results show that the desalting capacity of   the asymmetric desalting system is 12.34 mg/g, which is higher than the test data under different conditions of the symmetrical system during the experiment. Although the stability of the asymmetric system testing remains to be improved, but it is certain that the asymmetric system has better effect of desalination.

Keywords: sodium manganese oxides; hydrothermal synthesis; asymmetric capacitor; desalination test.

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1钠锰氧化物 1

1.1.1钠锰氧化物物理化学性质 1

1.1.2钠锰氧化物的应用 1

1.1.3钠锰氧化物的制备方法 1

1.2混合电容器脱盐系统的介绍 2

1.2.1海水淡化历史 2

1.2.2海水淡化发展 3