摘要为了对纳米氧化铈进行研究，本文采用爆轰法合成了纳米氧化铈，并对合成的纳米氧化铈进行了提纯和性能表征。爆轰法合成的纳米氧化铈中含有少量的可烧失杂质，如碳、少量有机物等，需要通过焙烧去除这些杂质。通过对经不同焙烧温度处理的样品进行X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）表征，分析样品在不同焙烧温度下的晶格畸变度和团聚情况，得出最佳焙烧温度为600℃的结论。将最佳焙烧温度下的样品进行紫外吸收性能表征。研究结果表明，爆轰合成的纳米氧化铈对B区紫外线具有较好的吸收能力。采用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）研究了纳米氧化铈对高氯酸铵（AP）的催化性能。结果表明，在AP中加入纳米氧化铈可以降低其活化能。64148

毕业论文关键词  爆轰合成 纳米氧化铈 XRD TEM 表征

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Performance characterization of nanoscale ceria synthesized by detonation method        

Abstract For studying the nonascale ceria, in present study, nonascale ceria was synthesized by detonation method and the as-synthesized nanoscale ceria was characterized. There were some impurities in the as-synthesized nanoscale ceria which could be removed by calcination, such as carbon and organics. The samples calcined under different temperature were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to the results based on lattice distortion and agglomeration of ceria, we can conclude that the best calcination temperature was 600℃. Ultraviolet absorption performance of the sample calcined under the best calcination temperature was tested. The results indicated that nanoscale ceria synthesized by detonation method had an excellent ultraviolet absorption performance to UVB. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was introduced to study the catalytic performance of nanoscale ceria to ammonium perchlorate (AP). Test results indicated that some ceria added into AP could decrease its activation energy.

Keywords  detonation synthesis  nanoscale ceria  XRD  TEM  characterization

1  绪论 1

1.1  选题的意义与研究前景 1

1.2  课题研究背景简介 2

1.3  本文工作 4

2  纳米氧化铈的合成及表征方法 5

2.1  合成装置 5

2.2  纳米氧化铈合成过程 5

2.3  性能表征方法 6

3  纳米氧化铈的特征分析 11

3.1  X-射线衍射分析 11

3.2  透射电镜分析 15

3.3结果分析及讨论 16

4  纳米氧化铈性能分析 18

4.1  紫外吸收性能分析 18

4.2  催化性能分析 19

4.3  比表面积分析 22

4.4 结果分析及讨论 22

结  论 24

致  谢 25

参考文献 26

1  绪论

1.1  选题的意义与研究前景

随着由社会经济的飞速发展，科学的不断进步带来的人们生活水平的提高，使得人们对材料的要求越来越精细，研究的领域也已然从米到厘米再到纳米。纳米稀土化合物的某些独特优势使其成为研究热点。