摘 要：采用浸浆法在多孔氧化铝陶瓷支撑体表面制备凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜，重点考察了烧结温度对凹凸棒石纳米纤维结构及凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的孔径和渗透性能的影响。利用XRD、TG-DTG-DSC、SEM等手段对凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的性能进行表征。结果表明，随着烧结温度的升高，凹凸棒石纳米纤维结构逐渐失去110晶面、130晶面等结构，烧结温度达到800℃后凹凸棒石特有的4种晶面结构全部消失，凹凸棒石失去纤维层结构；同时烧结温度直接影响凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的表面形貌和微结构，烧结温度过高，凹凸棒石纳米纤维严重收缩，扭曲变形，不再具有完整的纤维棒晶结构。控制烧结温度在400℃~750℃变化，可以实现凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜孔径在0.45~0.66μm之间变化，纯水通量在1831~4360 L /(m2 h)之间变化。65893

毕业论文关键词：凹凸棒石，纳米纤维，微滤膜，烧结温度

Abstract: In this paper, a new microfiltration membrane with a separation layer made of attapulgite nanofibers was fabricated by a dip-coating process on the inner surface of the ɑ–alumina tubular supports. The effects of sintering temperature on the structure and properties of attapulgite nanofiber and the resulting microfiltration membrane were studied by XRD, TG – DTG-DSC and SEM, etc. The experimental results show that as the temperature rises, attapulgite nanofiber loses its 110 and 130 crystal surface structure gradually. After sintering temperature reach 800 ℃, the attapulgite nanofiber loses all of its iconic crystal surface structure. At the same time, sintering temperature directly affects the surface morphology of attapulgite nanofiber microfiltration membrane. Attapulgite nanofibers will be bonded or fractured and lose its whole crystal structure when the sintering temperature is too high. Controlling the sintering temperature from 400 ℃ to 750 ℃ can be achieved the pore size of attapulgite nanofiber microfiltration membrane in the range of 0.45 to 0.66 μm and the pure water flux of 1831 to 4360 L / (m2 h).

Keywords: Attapulgite, Nanofibers, Microfiltration membrane, Sintering temperature

目   录

1  前言 3

1.1  陶瓷膜的发展及其特点 3

1.2  凹凸棒石简介 3

1.3  凹凸棒石的研究现状及发展前景 4

1.4  烧结过程对陶瓷膜的影响 5

1.5  研究目的与意义 6

2  实验部分 6

2.1  实验材料及仪器 6

2.1.1  实验原料 6

2.1.2  仪器及设备 7

2.2  实验方法 7

2.2.1  凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的制备 7

2.2.2  凹凸棒石纳米纤维膜的表征 8

3  结果与分析 9

3.1  凹凸棒石纳米纤维的热分析 9

3.2  烧结温度对凹凸棒石纳米纤维结构的影响 10

3.3  凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的微观形貌 11

3.4  烧成温度对凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的孔径影响 15

3.5  烧成温度对凹凸棒石纳米纤维微滤膜的纯水通量影响