摘要:本文研究了不同的形貌结构纳米氧化镍在作为超级电容器电极材料时,其表现出的电化学性能的特点。分别以镍盐的乙醇—油胺体系以及镍盐的尿素—十六烷基三甲基溴化铵体系两种体系,使用水热法合成纳米级氧化镍。使用扫描电子显微镜表征其纳米形貌并对不同形貌的氧化镍微纳米粒子进行电化学性能测试。结果表明:两种体系制作出的纳米级氧化镍有不同的形貌如片状、针状等。在乙醇—油胺体系中合成出了片状、空心球状形貌的氧化镍微纳米粒子,在尿素—十六烷基三甲基溴化铵体系中合成出了片状、针状形貌的氧化镍微纳米粒子。在乙醇—油胺体系中制备的空心球形貌的氧化镍微纳米粒子具有很好的电化学性能,在0。25A·g-1情况下的比电容量为406。45F·g-1;而在尿素—CTAB体系中制备出的片状形貌氧化镍为微纳米粒子,在0。25 A·g-1情况下的比电容量为173。5 F·g-1。不同的规整形貌氧化镍具有不同的电化学性能,这种现象为筛选高性能超级电容器电极材料开辟了新的研究思路。 77544
关键词: 氧化镍;水热法;纳米材料;片状结构;空心球状结构;电化学性能
Study on Controllable Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Regularized Morphology of Nickel Oxide
Abstract: In this paper, we study the characteristics of electrochemical performance of nanometer nickel oxide with different morphological structure as a supercapacitor electrode material。 The nano - sized nickel oxide was synthesized by hydrothermal method using two kinds of systems of ethanol - oil amine system and nickel - urea - cetyltrimethylammonium bromide system。 The nanoscale morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the electrochemical properties of NiO nanoparticles were investigated。 The results show that the nanoscale nickel oxide produced by the two systems has different morphologies such as flakes, needle and so on。 In the ethanol-oleylamine system, nickel oxide micro-nanoparticles with flaky and hollow spherical morphology were synthesized。 The films were synthesized in a urea-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide system。 Nickel oxide micro - nanoparticles。 The NiO nanoparticles prepared in the ethanol-oleylamine system have good electrochemical performance and the specific capacitance in the case of 0。25A·g-1is 406。45F·g-1。 In the urea-CTAB system And the specific capacitance in the case of 0。25A·g-1 was 173。5F·g-1。 Different regular morphology nickel oxide has different electrochemical properties, this phenomenon for the screening of high-performance super capacitor electrode material opened up a new research ideas。
Keywords: Nickel oxide; Hydrothermal; nanomaterials; Flaky structure; Hollow spherical structure; Electrochemical perform
目录
一、绪论 1
1。1 课题背景 2
1。2 纳米材料概述 3
1。2。1 纳米技术 3
1。2。2 纳米材料的研究现状 3
1。2。3 纳米材料在生活中的应用 3
1。3 文献综述 3
1。3。1 氧化镍概述及合成研究 3
1。3。2制备氧化镍的各种不同方法 4
1。3。3 对纳米氧化镍的表征分析 5
1。3。4 纳米氧化镍其他性能的研究及应用 5
二、纳米氧化镍的制备与性能表征