摘要根据图像的某个特性，将图像划分成多个不同的区域并提取其中感兴趣的部分的过程就是图像分割。图像分割技术一直是图像处理的重要内容，也是图像分析的关键技术之一，因此近些年它是国内外学者研究的热点。现在随着计算机科学技术的进步，图像处理的理论知识与相关的技术都得到了快速的发展，并取得了一定的成绩。当今社会，图像分割技术在所有与图像处理相关的领域都具有极其广泛的用途。在学者们的研究下，目前已经有很多分割算法被提出。87164

本文设计了一个基于MATLAB的图像分割系统，并对图像分割的个别经典方法进行了研究和实现：

1．基于阈值的分割方法，即通过选取一定的阈值将图像分为目标类和背景类两个部分，然后根据它们灰度级的不同，将目标从背景中分割出来，其中的关键问题是阈值的选取。为此，本文中讨论了最大类间方差法求取阈值、迭代法求取阈值两种选取阈值的方法。

2．基于边缘检测的分割方法，由于图像中各个像素点的灰度不同，在图像的边界处往往都有比较明显的边缘，可以利用图像的这个特性来分割图像。为此，本文中讨论了Roberts算子和Sobel算子两种边缘检测的方法。

毕业论文关键词：图像分割；MATLAB；阈值分割；边缘检测

Abstract According to some characteristic of the image, the image is pided into several different regions, and the image segmentation is the process of extracting the part of interest。 Image segmentation technology has been an important part of image processing, and it is also one of the key technologies of image analysis, so it is a hot research topic in the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years。 Now with the progress of computer science and technology, image processing theory of knowledge and related technologies have been developed rapidly, and it has made some achievements。 In today's society, image segmentation technology has a very wide range of applications in all areas related to image processing。In the research of scholars, many segmentation algorithms have been proposed。

In this paper, a image segmentation system based on MATLAB is designed, and  inpidual classical methods of the image segmentation are studied and implemented:

1。Segmentation method based on the threshold is that by selecting a certain threshold, the image is pided into two parts, the target and the background, and according to their gray level difference, the target is segmented from the background, which shows the key is the threshold selection。 So, this paper discusses two kinds of threshold selection methods, including the Otsu method to obtain the threshold and the iterative method to obtain the threshold。

2。Segmentation method based on edge detection is that because the gray level of each pixel in the image is different, the boundaries of the image are generally obvious edge, we can use this feature to image segmentation。 So, this paper discusses two kinds of edge detection methods, including the Roberts operator and the Sobel operator。

Keywords:  Image segmentation; MATLAB; threshold segmentation; edge detection

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 问题的提出 1

1。2 研究的目的和意义 1

1。3 研究现状 2

1。4 本文的研究内容 2

1。5 本文的组织结构 3

第二章 MATLAB软件 4

2。1 软件简介 4

2。1。1 优缺点