摘要海水淡化装置是从海水中获取淡水的装置，舰船上常用的是蒸馏法和反渗透法。舰船的航行和船员的生活都需要大量的淡水。现实情况是，船舶远航时，依靠自身携带的淡水是有限的，而且水储存时间过久后就会变质，满足不了船员的生活用水和有关设备使用的要求。为了增大船舶的续航力和海上自持力，改善船员的生活条件，现代船舶大都装备了海水淡化装置。 船舶海水淡化装置作为船舶的辅助装置，对船舶的航行起到了重要的作用。84619

    本文基于真空蒸馏法，设计一种新型海水淡化装置，可以利用船舶的废弃余热，高效节能。该装置利用船舶柴油机的缸套冷却水作为海水蒸发器的热源，海水在设计的蒸发器中与缸套冷却水换热蒸发，进入板式冷凝器中冷凝成淡水。

毕业论文关键字：海水淡化，缸套冷却水，蒸发器，冷凝器

Abstract    Seawater desalination device is a device for obtaining fresh water from sea water, which is commonly used in distillation and reverse osmosis。The voyage of the ship and the crew's life require a large amount of fresh water。 The reality is that sailing ship, rely on their own to carry fresh water is limited and water storage time too long will degenerate, meet requirements of crew living water and related equipment。 In order to increase the ship endurance and maritime self force and improve the living conditions of the crew, modern ships mostly equipped with seawater desalination device。 As an auxiliary device, the marine seawater desalination device plays an important role in the navigation of the ship。

    In this paper, a new type of seawater desalination device is designed based on the vacuum distillation method。 The device uses the cylinder liner cooling water of marine diesel engine as the heat source of the seawater evaporator, and the water in the evaporator and the cylinder jacket cooling water for heat exchange, and enters into plate heat exchanger  to condense into fresh water。

Keywords: Sea water desalination; cylinder cooling water; blender mixer; screw feeder

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

 1。1选题的目的和意义 1

 1。2国内外研究现状 1

  1。2。1应用现状 1

  1。2。2研究现状 1

 1。3海水淡化主要原理 2

  1。3。1蒸馏法 2

  1。3。2反渗透(RO)法 2

 1。4海水淡化装置 2

  1。4。1沸腾式海水淡化装置 2

  1。4。2压汽式海水淡化装置 5

  1。4。3多级闪发式海水淡化装置 5

  1。4。4热泵式海水淡化装置 6

  1。4。5反渗透海水淡化装置 6

  1。4。6电渗析海水淡化装置 7

第二章 蒸发器的选型和设计 9

 2。1热交换器的选型 9

 2。2热交换器的设计 12

 2。3冷凝器的选型 18

 2。4冷凝器的设计 20

 2。5 泵的选型