摘要轴系校中在现代的船舶生产与建造过程中占据着非常重要的一环，因为轴系校中质量的好坏不仅会直接影响到船舶动力装置工作的可靠性，更严重的将会影响到船舶的安全航行。而且随着现在船舶行业对船舶的建造向着的大型化和高功率化方向发展，导致了螺旋桨质量和轴系刚性较之以前大大增加，随之而来的就是船体结构没有以前那样结实，现在的船舶事故的发生很多是由于校中不良引起的，像尾轴承磨损加剧，烧损、减速箱齿轮啮合不良，轴系振动情况恶化等事故就在船舶运行中经常发生。因此就更引起人们对轴系校中的重视。86188

总而言之，轴系合理校中，可以使各轴承的负荷和轴上的弯曲力矩得到合理的分配，使与轴系连接的相关部件能够有更稳定的工作环境和稳定的运行状态，从而提高轴系设计质量和工作可靠性。

本文采用力矩分配法，通过VB编程对74500DWT散货轮的轴系进行校中设计，从而对轴系提出一系列改进方案，使船舶轴系和轴承载荷分布更加合理均匀。

毕业论文关键词：轴系校中；载荷 ；力矩分配法

AbstractShafting alignment in modern shipbuilding and construction occupies a very important link, because whether shafting alignment quality is good or bad will not only directly affect the reliability of the ship power plant work, it is more serious that it will affect the ship's safe navigation。 And now with the ship industry of ship building toward large-scale and high power of development direction。It results in the propeller quality and shafting stiffness increase more than before。 The attendant is the hull structure is not so strong and now shipping accidents occurred many is due to school without good cause, like tail bearing wear increased burning deceleration gear mesh is bad, shafting vibration 。In the operation of the ship, the accident caused by the deterioration of the dynamic condition often occurs, so people pay more attention to the shafting alignment。

Anyway, rational shafting alignment can get reasonable distribution of the load of the bearing and the shaft bending moment, the mechanical device that is connected with the shaft, is not affected by a bias in the form of additional force, so as to improve the shafting design quality and working reliability。

In this paper, the torque distribution method is adopted to design the shafting of 73500DWT bulk carrier by VB programming, and a series of improvement schemes are put forward, which makes the distribution of the ship shafting and bearing load more reasonable and uniform。

Key words:shafting alignment ；load ；moment distribution method

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

    1。1 课题的背景和意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 2

1。3 本文的主要工作 4

第二章  轴系的布置设计 5

2。1 轴线的选择设计 5

2。1。1 轴线的数目 5

2。1。2 轴线的长度及位置 5

2。2 轴承的选择设计 6

2。2。1 轴承的位置确定 6

2。2。2 轴承的数目与间距 7

2。3 传动轴选择设计 8

2。3。1 传动轴的材料 8

2。3。2 传动轴的基本直径的计算 8

2。4 计算螺旋桨质量