52×52-50.6×￠27mm304异形管工艺设计
该冷拔无缝管的生产采用热轧＋冷拔的生产工艺，热轧部分将坯料加工成接近成品尺寸，再利用冷拔工艺生产出成品尺寸的管材。20031
热轧部分主要采用上海宝钢集团有限公司的热轧生产设备，穿孔设备采用上海宝钢精密钢管厂114机组的100 穿孔机，该种穿孔机轧辊具有碾轧角和前进角，锥形轧辊的直径沿穿孔出口方向逐渐加大，该种穿孔机特点是穿孔效率高，由于锥形工作辊及其碾轧角，改善了金属的变形及运动学条件，可穿轧出内部缺陷少、表面质量好、同心度和壁厚均匀性高的毛管，并且工具消耗少，可实现大延伸、大扩径量穿孔。在工艺制度制定的过程中，需要定出一系列的变形制度、加热制度、速度制度以及轧制节奏等工艺问题，同时进行力能参数的计算，计算最大的轧制压力和轧制力矩，校核咬入、轧辊强度和电机能力。
冷拔工艺有空拔、长芯棒拔制、固定短芯棒拔制、浮动芯棒拔制和扩径拉拔这几种，由于冷拔液压管件特殊的尺寸及精度要求，这里采用固定长芯棒拔制的拉拔方法。冷拔工艺过程中需要解决确定拔制力，选择拔机吨位，制定拔制表等一系列工艺规范。冷拔之后的辅助工序也同样影响管材质量，包括锤头、钢管酸洗、润滑热处理工艺等。
最后对技术经济指标进行计算，确定了小时生产率、年工作时间、成材率、有效工作时间和人员配置等。通过一系列的工艺设计，解决了近终型带来的各项技术难点，并通过校核和计算说明该种产品的生产是可行的。
通过这次对于冷拔液压管工艺设计的毕业设计，我遵循实事求是的原则，虽然在设计的过程中绕了很多的弯路，但通过这些弯路让我更完整具体地了解了整个无缝钢管的生产工艺流程和具体细节，并且培养了我独立思考和解决问题的能力。
关键词： 异型管；热轧；冷拔；工艺设计
Design Instruction
The task of graduation design is to design reference to the production process of 52×52-50.6×￠27mm304 Special tube, to install the necessarily assistant equipments, and meanwhile. Shanghai Baosteel Tube Co., Ltd. , a senior domestic manufacturers of steel pipes, has mature technology and production capacity. The significance of this design is to cultivate their independent ability to complete the design process and can provide a reference to the production of this product.
The production of cold drawing seamless tube takes the process of hot rolling + cold drawing. Forming to prduce size in the part of hot rolling and then producing tubes with less times cold drawing.
Hot-roll production equipments in Shanghai Baosteel Tube Co., Ltd. are used in the part of hot rolling. perforation equipment takes the 100 puncher of Baosteel precision steel pipe unit 114 in Shanghai Baosteel Tube Co., Ltd., with the species puncher roll angle and crushed rolling forward angle. Tapered roller diameter along the direction of perforation exports gradually increases, which causes high efficiency of puncher piercing and Improves metal deformation and kinematic conditions. It also can roll out the capillary with internal fewer defects, surface quality and concentricity thickness uniformity, lead to less consumption of tools , and can achieve great extension and the expanding volume of perforation. During making process systems, a set of deformation system, heating system, rolling speed system and rolling rhythm should be decided, simultaneously parameters of the calculation of the maximum pressure and rolling moment, checking biting, Roll strength and motor ability.
上一篇：动车组车辆车体结构设计+文献综述