设计总说明：在机械设备的工作过程当中，由于受不同程度的负载和零件配合工作的影响，不可避免的对机械零件产生侵蚀，疲劳受损，磨损等机械损伤。这样，电刷镀技术应运而生，源其镀层与工件表面结合程度良好，抗磨损能力强，可以提高一些旧零件的再利用率，用于工件的修复，从而延长工件的使用寿命，提高良好的经济价值和社会价值。例如，在辽宁的一家公司，才用了快速电刷镀技术，仅仅用了5天的时间就修复好了一台大型加工机床的加工表面，使这台加工机床重新获得了和以前相同的加工精度和尺寸保证，延长了这台加工机床的使用寿命。从以上描述可以得出，快速电刷镀技术是使被镀层拥有一定的抗磨损抗侵蚀能力，同时具有一定的显微硬度，尤其是多元金属合金镀层可以使镀层具有相对于单一镀层更优秀的使用性能。目前，快速电刷镀技术已在机械，物流，矿产等多方面领域甚至在我国重要的军工装备的关键部件修复中得到了高度重视。

本论文主要结合当代工业实际生产的实际要求设计了一个铁轨自动刷镀机的镀笔移动机构的本体。本次设计的镀笔移动机构需要能够适用在实际生产和工作当中使用要求中各项性能和精度要求，确保移动机构的合理可行性。主要内容有：镀笔移动机构的选型，驱动模式的确定，镀笔的本体结构设计，电机的计算与选型，绘制三维虚拟模型与装配图等工作内容。本次设计首先考虑了多种驱动方式的优缺点后，采用了三相混合式步进电机的形式来控制镀笔的移动，结构简单明了，构造成本低，有很强的经济适用性。而在移动机构方式方面，为了保证本刷镀设备的工作参数达到给定标准，对比了各种移动方式的不同特点以后，否定了初期的曲柄连杆式，改用了丝杠传动作为驱动方式。在确定了基本形式以后，对各部件进行了初步的数据拟定和计算，主要是滚珠丝杠副的选定以及镀笔的结构设计，镀笔与滚珠丝杠的连接件设计和其他联接件的设计和绘制，如：轴承座、前后挡板、刷镀笔固定块、垫块等。构建好各零件的结构尺寸后，主要采用solidworks制图软件绘制各工件图并且进行三维结构虚拟装配，最后修订了部分数据。完成了最终的CAD图纸要求。46942

毕业论文关键词：  刷镀机；  镀笔；  移动机构；  虚拟装配

Design of the Moving Mechanism of Plating Pen on Automatic Brush-plating Machine for Rail

Design General information: due to the pressure of different loads and cooperation between working parts during the working process of mechanical equipment, mechanical damages such as fatigue failure, abrasion and erosion of mechanical parts become inevitable. Therefore, brush electroplating technology emerged as it saw good bonding between coating and workpiece surface, strong wear resistance and improved reuse rate of some old parts, so it had been applied in workpice repairing to prolong the service life of different workpices, achieving higher economic value and social value. For example in Liaoning province, it just took five days for a company to repair the machining surface of a large machine tool which regained the original machining precision and dimensional accuracy and prolonged its service life. In conclusion, it is safe to say that rapid brush electroplating technology largely improved the wear and erosion resistance and micro-hardness of the coating, especially multi-metal alloy coating which gained even better performance than single-metal coating. So far rapid brush electroplating technology has become a focus in the fields of machinery, logistics, minerals, etc., even in the repairing of critical components of important military equipment in China.

This paper aims to design a moving mechanism for the plating pen of automatic brush-plating machine for rail as required in actual production of modern industry. This design has to meet all performance and precision requirements in different production and work conditions and ensure rationality and feasibility of the moving mechanism. The main work included moving mechanism selection, driving mode determination, plating pen’s structure design, motor calculation and selection, 3D virtual model rendering and assembly drawing making, etc. After comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of different driving modes, three-phase hybrid stepping motor, which featured simple structure, low structural cost and better economic applicability, was picked out to drive the moving mechanism of the plating pen. In terms of the moving mechanism, the initial crank connecting rod was replaced by ball screw for the driving after comparison of the features of different moving modes, in order to make sure that the working parameters of the brush-plating equipment meet the given standards. After the basic type was fixed, preliminary data preparation and calculation were made to the components, mainly the selection of ball screw pairs,