摘要拉力机一般是把材料试样两端分别夹在两个间隔一定距离的夹具上。两夹具以一定的速度分离并拉伸试样，测定试样上的应力变化，直到试样破坏为止。拉力机拉伸试验是研究材料力学强度最广泛使用的方法之一，需要恒速运动。拉力机采用机电一体化设计，由主体部分、机械部分、液压系统、测力系统等组成，测力系统主要由测力传感器、变送器、微处理器、负荷驱动机构、计算机构成。 拉力机载荷越大机台体积也大，而载荷传感器越小却精度越高，当然机台越大价格也越贵。拉力机并不是越大越好，而是要适应产品力量范围大小。市场上传感器分为进口的和国产的。国产的传感器比较便宜，但精度较差会产生零点漂移。进口传感器精度高，重复性好，但价格比较贵。拉力试验机最主要的部分就是传感器。测试时传感器输出力量信号给处理器。如果输出的信号不准确，处理出来的数据就不准，拉力机就失去了监控测试能力。   本文以1200吨拉力试验机油缸座为研究对象。首先根据测试平台的尺寸和实现的功能设计了油缸座结构方案，对相关参数进行计算。其次对油缸座进行三维建模并进行有限元校核分析。 通过本次设计我们熟悉了油缸座的具体结构极其在拉力试验机中的作用。本次设计为1200吨拉力试验机油缸座的改进提供了理论依据。 49535

毕业论文关键词: 拉力试验机; 油缸座; 三维建模; 有限元分析

Abstract  Tensile testing machine clamps both ends of the material sample between two fixtures with certain distance .The two fixtures maintain a certain separation speed to tensile test specimens and test the stress on the sample until the sample destroyed . Tensile machine tensile test is one of the most widely used method for studying material mechanical strength.Tensile testing machine with Mechatronics design consists of the main part of the mechanical parts, hydraulic systems, force measurement systems.Force measurement system mainly consists of force sensors, transmitter, a microprocessor, load drive mechanism, computer composition.The big tensile testing machine load has great volume of the machine.The small load sensor has the high precision.The price of greater machine is also more expensive.Tensile testing machine is not the bigger the better, but to adapt to the range of product strength.Sensors on the market are partly imported . Domestic sensor is relatively cheap, but less accuracy with have zero drift.Imported sensors have high precision and good repeatability, but the price is more expensive.The most important part of tensile testing machine is the sensor.The sensor output force when the test signal to the processor. If the output signal is not accurate and ,the data will not obtain accurately, tensile testing machine will lost the ability of test control.

In this paper, 1200 tons of fuel tanks device of tensile testing machine as the object of study .First of all, according to the size and function of the test platform designed fuel tank device structure program to calculate the relevant parameters.Secondly, the fuel tank device three-dimensional modeling and checking for finite element analysis.Through this design we are familiar with the specific structure of fuel tank device is extremely in the tensile testing machine.This design provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the fuel tanks of 1200 tons tensile testing machine.

Keywords: tensile testing machine; oil cylinder device ; three-dimensional modeling; finite element analysis

目录

第一章 绪论-1

   1.1拉力试验机简介-1

     1.1.1拉力试验机基本概念-1

     1.1.2拉力试验机概况-1

   1.2 拉力试验机测量2

     1.2.1 力值的测量-2