摘要随着科学与技术的发展，金属切削加工技术的日趋成熟，加工技术在世界的工业范围内都有了显著的提高。我国是一个造船大国，却不是一个造船强国，这一点在军用船舶，民用船舶上都反映出来了。要由一个造船大国转变成一个造船强国，我们不仅要在一些技术上要有所发展和创新，在一些造船工艺上也需要改进，比如螺旋桨叶片的铣削加工，螺旋桨是造船行业必备的推进部件，它的加工精度将直接影响船的推进速度甚至潜艇的隐蔽性。只有我们不断改造我们的机械加工设备才能用最少的能源最高效地加工出精度更高的产品。50666

论文介绍了螺旋浆加工大型多自由度铣床总体及多自由度刀架设计，该数控镗铣床具有五轴联动的特点，可以实现复杂曲面的铣削、外圆车削以及锥度孔镗削功能。首先，了解螺旋桨铣削的要求以及五轴联动数控铣床的结构特点，确定总体设计方案。在设计过程中通过对五轴联动铣头的滑枕部分进行设计，能够实现五轴联动铣头的滑枕在1°～20°范围内的分度调节以及五轴铣头与镗刀刀架的简易切换，实现了在一台机床上实现多道工序，大大提高了大型螺旋桨的加工效率及精度，避免了二次装夹产生的重复定位误差。

结果表明，本次设计可以顺利达到设计任务的要求，设计出的刀架结构能够有效地提高加工效率，实现一次装夹基础上对零件复杂曲面进行铣削、锥度孔镗削以及外圆车削。

毕业论文关键词：多自由度刀架；龙门镗铣床；镗锥孔；大型螺旋桨加工；

Abstract Process technology has experienced a significant improvement on a world scale with the development of science and technology, along with the maturity of metal cutting technology. Our country is a big shipbuilding country, but not a power in shipbuilding technoledge,which were reflected in military ships, civilian ships. To transform ourself into a shipbuilding power, we should not only achieve development on some technology and innovation,but also need to improve on some of the shipbuilding process. Such as propeller blade milling, because screw is an essential propulsion component of shipbuilding industry, its precision will directly affect the speed of ship propulsion even the submarine concealment.

     This paper introduces the design process of multiple-degree-of-freedom milling machine and multiple degree freedom head for large screw. First of all, understand and want the propeller milling structure features of five-axis linkage CNC milling machine, determine the overall design scheme.Through the design of the slippery pillow part of five-axis linkage milling head, the ram can be implemented within 1 ° ~ 20 ° degree adjustment and the simplicity switch  between five-axis milling head and the boring cutter tool. By this kind of design , we can greatly improve the machining efficiency and precision of the large propeller, avoid the repetitive positioning error resulting from a second clamping.

 The results show that this design can smoothly achieve the requirement of the design task,  the tool head structure can effectively improve the efficiency of processing, achieve good results on complex surface parts for milling, boring and cylindrical turning taper hole for only  clamping once.

Keywords: multiple degrees of freedom  knife rest; gantry Milling machine; Taper boring; Large propeller manufacturing;

目  录

第一章  绪  论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 五轴联动数控机床概况 1

1.3 国内螺旋桨叶片铣削机床研究现状 2

1.4 船用螺旋桨加工多轴联动铣床制造的意义