ADAMS的折臂式克令吊的液压缸铰点位置优化
摘要折臂式克令吊因为需要承载的起升载荷通常都非常大，在几十吨到一百多吨之间不等，需要折臂式克令吊需要具有耐冲击，制动性好等性能。在其中高载荷的要求下，需要折臂式克令吊有高性能，而折臂式克令吊的关键在于它的变幅机构即液压缸。本文的研究重点在液压缸铰点位置的计算，液压缸铰点位置的分布会影响到液压缸的作用力大小，从而影响液压缸使用寿命，最大起重以及工作安全载荷等因素。51257
本文针对液压缸铰点位置进行优化，利用ADAMS软件建立折臂式克令吊的虚拟样机，设置需要优化的参数变量，选择液压缸的作用力作为目标函数，使参数化模型可以进行自行优化，从而得出最优的液压缸铰点位置。
分析结果标明，液压缸铰点位置在优化后，液压缸作用力也相应减小，从而提高了液压缸的使用寿命。
毕业论文关键词：折臂式克令吊，铰点位置，优化设计，ADAMS
Abstract
Because of the Folding arm type crane need to bearing of hoisting load are usually very large, The Range betweens dozens of tons to one hundred tons, It Needs the Folding arm type crane to adapt to impact resistance，and have a nice braking performance. the- working environment is in high load requirements, the performance of Folding arm type crane demand is very important, and the key to arm type crane is its luffing mechanism that is the hydraulic cylinder. The key point of this paper is the calculation of the hinge point of hydraulic cylinder. The acting force of hydraulic cylinder will be effected by the location distribution of hinge point, which affects the service life of the hydraulic cylinder, the biggest crane work and safe load and other factors.
This paper aims at optimizing the location of the hinge points, using the ADAMS to build the model of folding arm type crane and setting the variable of the parameter which needs to be optimized. Then we choose the hydraulic cylinder force as target function, making the parameterized model can optimize to get the optimal value.
Analysis results show that after optimization hydraulic cylinder hinge point location, hydraulic cylinder force also reduces accordingly, so as to improves the service life of the hydraulic cylinder.
Keywords：Crusher；ADAMS;optimal design
目 录
第一章 绪论 3
1.1 选题背景及研究意义 3
1.2.1 国外研究的现状 4
1.2.2 国内研究的现状 5
1.3 论文研究的主要内容 5
第二章 克令吊简介 6
2.1 克令吊用途及分类 6
2.2 折臂式克令吊结构和工作原理 6
2.2.1 折臂式克令吊的结构 6
2.2.2 折臂式克令吊的工作原理 7
2.2.3 折臂式克令吊的主要部分 8
2.2.4 折臂式克令吊的使用注意 9
第三章 折臂式克令吊的3D建模与在虚拟样机环境下建模 11
3.1 折臂式克令吊的3D建模 11
3.2 折臂式克令吊的机构分析 13
3.2.1 启动ADAMS并设置工作环境 15
3.2.2 参数化模型的创建