摘要在机械工程行业中称桅杆式起重机为抱杆，这类起重机属于特种起重设备[1]。它主要是通过桅杆为载体的起重设备。桅杆起重机具有起重量大、自重轻、成本低、结构简单、容易实现拆卸、转移和安装等特点[1]。随着现代工业设备向大结构、大吨位的方向的发展趋势，桅杆起重机的方案设计和结构强度都有了更高的目标,有更高的要求和更高的需求。

本文是关于船用桅杆式起重机吊臂组件优化分析。主要是对吊臂结构进行优化设计分析。在设计中利用Pro∕e软件建立了桅杆起重机的三维模型，使桅杆式起重机能够在理论方面更加的实体化、可视化；更加简洁和明了的表现了设计思路；然后充分利用有限元分析软件Hyper Mesh对桅杆起重机的起重吊臂进行了有限元的分析，从而充分验证了起重机吊臂结构设计的合理性和可靠性，为优化设计起重机的结构提供了充分的理论依据。52892

本文的前半部分是吊臂组件的设计，主要是根据给定的设计条件估算主副吊臂的横截面积和总体部分尺寸，然后进行吊臂组件的优化设计。后半部分则对吊臂在典型工况下利用有限元的分析软件进行分析和优化。验算了吊臂焊缝的焊缝强度，对销轴连接处的销轴进行校核。

毕业论文关键词：桅杆起重机；吊臂；优化分析； HyperMesh

 Abstract

Mast crane is called pole in the engineering machinery industry, which is the special lifting equipment．It is a space truss structure，mainly based on the lifting body as a carrier mast. Now with the large-tonnage industrial equipment and large structures in the direction of the mast crane design and structural strength，it has a higher goal．

This article is about the analysis and optimization of arm assembly hanging crane for ship, mainly for the boom structure optimization design and analysis. Three-dimensional model of mast crane is established by using Pro / E software in the design, so that it can be materialized, visualization, a more intuitive performance of the design ideas, and make full use of the finite element analysis software Hyper of Mesh on mast crane boom is analyzed with finite element, so as to fully verify the structure design the rationality and reliability, which provides theoretical basis for the optimum design of crane structure.

Specification of the anterior half part is the design of suspension arm assembly, mainly according to the given design conditions to estimate the main and auxiliary cross-sectional area, thus the boom assembly optimization design. The second part of the boom is analyzed and optimized using the software in the typical working conditions. Checking the boom weld strength, the pin shaft connecting shaft pin is checked.

Keyword: mast crane; arm; optimization analysis; HYPERMESH 

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1  研究目的与意义 1

1.2 国内外起重机研究的现状和发展趋势 1

1.3  研究内容 2

1.4  起重机在机械中的应用 3

1.5  起重机的分类 3

1.5.1  桅杆式起重机分类 5

1.5.2  桅杆式起重机特点 10

1.5.3  桅杆式起重机用途 10

1.6  本章小结 10

第二章 有限元理论 11

2.1 有限元法的概念 11

2.2 有限元的发展