摘要液化天然气(LNG)因其安全可靠、灵活方便、清洁环保、经济高效等一些优点从 而备受关注,逐渐成为重要的储备能源。随着对 LNG 的重视,目前 LNG 动力船发展迅 速。液态的天然气在汽化的过程中大量的冷能被释放出来,每吨 LNG 汽化时大约能释 放 830 到 860MJ 的能量,折合电能大约为 231kW·h。同时,LNG 船上有许多的宿舍、 办公室、食堂等等,其空调运行需要消耗大量的冷能。因此,我们可以把 LNG 汽化是 释放的冷能利用起来,作为空调系统的冷源,把 LNG 船的燃烧余热也利用起来作为空 调系统的热源。这样不仅避免造成能源的浪费和环境的污染,还能获得极高的经济收益。81249
本文通过对 LNG 汽化时的特性进行分析,对其汽化时释放的大量冷量进行回收与 利用,并且通过对冷能回收利用的几种方式(间接和直接)进行分析,设计出了一套将 LNG 汽化时释放的冷能用于空调的工艺方案,并且进行经济性分析。通过比较,系统 的冷媒选择丙烷,换热器选择 U 型管式,蓄冷方式选择冰蓄冷,蓄冰池选择盘管式。并 且以某种 LNG 气化量为 5m3/h 的 LNG 动力船为研究对象,对一些关键性设备进行计算, 选型,比如丙烷储液罐的体积,蓄冰池的体积,丙烷泵的循环流量等。
毕业论文关键字:LNG 船;LNG 汽化;空调系统;冰蓄冷;
Abstract Liquid natural gas (LNG) has attracted much attention for its safety, reliability, flexibility, convenience, environment friendly, economical, efficient and so on, which is becoming an significant energy reserve gradually。 With more and more sights attached to the usage of LNG, LNG powered ship develops rapidly at present。 In the process of gasification of the LNG, per ton of LNG can release about 830 to 860MJ of energy , equivalent to about 231kW·h。 Therefore, we can take advantage of these cold energy released in the gasification of LNG as a cold source of air conditioning system to meet the need of refrigeration for dormitory, office and dinning hall。 The LNG ship's combustion waste heat can be also used as the heat source of the air conditioning system。 This can not only avoid the waste of energy and environmental pollution, but also can obtain a huge economic value。
The characteristics of gasification of LNG will be analysed in this paper in order to recycle the great deal of cold energy released from the process。 With the analysis of the several way of recycle of the cold energy, a set of system will be proposed and its efficiency will be calculated。 In this system, propane will be taken as cooling medium, U type tube choosen as heat exchanger。We choose the ice storage as a cool storage mode and choose the coil type as ice storage pool。With some kind of LNG power ship which ship’s LNG gasification capacity is 5m3/h as the mother ship, we calculate and select some of the key
equipment , such as the volume of propane tank,the volume of ice storage tank and the
circulating flow rate of propane pump and so on。
Keywords: LNG powered ship; Gasification of LNG; Air conditioning system; Ice storage
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1。1 研究背景 1
1。3 本文主要研究工作 9
第二章 LNG 动力船空调系统的设计 10
2。1 传统船舶空调系统 10
2。2 冷能回收方式的设计