不同绿叶菜对砷的吸收积累及调控措施
毕业论文关键词：绿叶菜；砷；吸收积累；施肥方式
The Properties of As Uptake and Accumulation and It’s Control Measures of Different Leafy Greens
Abstract： Nowadays, with the rapid development of facility agriculture, some of the soil in China is in the light pollution as a result of the excessive application of fertilizer and pesticide. Thus, an environmental concern arises regarding arsenic (As) accumulation in vegetables grown in these soils. In this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the ability of P. vittata in reducing As uptake by five leafy vegetable species including cabbage, spinach, Chinese chives, edible amaranth and lettuce under P. vittata-vegetables rotation system. A hydroponic experiment under greenhouse condition with edible amaranth and lettuce was conducted to compare their properties of As uptake under different application ways of phosphate fertilizer. The results indicated that P. vittata-vegetables rotation system reduced As contents in roots while having a potential to increase the As contents in shoots. Different application ways of phosphate fertilizer had no obvious significance to shoots of edible amaranth but having obvious significance to roots. To lettuce, different application ways of phosphate fertilizer had no obvious significance to neither shoots nor roots. But if giving no phosphate fertilizer, the As contents in roots of lettuce will increase significantly.
Key words: Vegetables; arsenic; uptake and accumulation; application ways
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1材料与方法3
1.1研究轮作蜈蚣草对降低绿叶菜中砷积累的效果3
1.1.1样品采集3
1.1.2样品分析3
1.2研究磷肥的不同施用方式对绿叶菜砷吸收积累的影响4
1.2.1样品采集4
1.2.2样品分析4
1.3质量控制和统计方法4
2结果与分析4
2.1轮作蜈蚣草对降低绿叶菜中砷积累的效果4
2.1.1轮作蜈蚣草对绿叶菜砷吸收的影响4
2.1.2轮作蜈蚣草对土壤有效砷和总砷含量的影响6
2.2磷肥的不同施用方式对绿叶菜砷吸收积累的影响7
3讨论 7
3.1轮作蜈蚣草对降低绿叶菜中砷积累的效果8
3.2磷肥的不同施用方式对绿叶菜砷吸收积累的影响8
致谢9
参考文献10
不同绿叶菜对砷的吸收积累及调控措施
引言
砷（As）是一种公认的致癌、有毒化学元素，具有较强的环境移动性，可以通过呼吸道、食物和饮水等途径进入人体，危害人体健康。目前，全球范围内共有数万个砷污染区域，其土壤最高污染浓度达26500mg/kg[1]。中国的土壤砷污染主要集中在贵州、云南、湖南等省份[2-6],此外，就江苏而言，苏南部分检测点As污染严重，超标达43%[7]，高邮地区蔬菜产地As的单项污染指数超标94%[8]，砷污染趋势明显。土壤砷污染的来源较为广泛，包括自然因素如土壤母质、火山喷发等以及人为因素如含砷染料、皮革的使用、矿山开采冶炼等。砷酸铅、亚砷酸钠、亚砷酸钙等杀虫剂和土壤处理剂和诸如稻脚青、稻宁等杀菌剂曾被广泛用作农药，大量含砷试剂的施用使土壤中的砷显著增高[34]。
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