极端高温对水稻叶片形态影响的研究
毕业论文关键词：极端高温；水稻；叶片；形态
The research of influence of extreme high temperature on rice leaf morphology
Abstract：Extreme high temperature have already become one of the main factors in affecting the yield and quality of rice and it would expand the influence with the increase of the global climate warming. Studying on the influence of extreme high temperature damage on rice growth could provide the important reference to promote high and stable yield of rice as well as field management decision. Leaf is the basic organ of photosynthesis in rice. Leaf morphology directly affects the ability and efficiency of photosynthesis of rice, which could further influence photosynthesis and yield. This experiment stuidied the effects of high temperature stress on rice leaves morphology during the booting and flowering stages g caused based on a controlled experiment in automatic climate chamber.The results showed that:(1)high temperature treatment of booting stage had no significant effect to leaf length and leaf width, but it had significant influence on the change of growth rate, leaf growth rate accelerated under the high temperature treatment and leaf would reach the fixed leaf length and width in advance; (2)with the increase of high temperature duration, the time of leaf from green turned to yellow would be delayed on the booting and flowering stages. The research could offer the foundation for simulation of effects of extreme high temperature on rice morphology under the future climate conditionsand promote the development of digital agriculture.
Key words: Extreme high temperature; Rice; Leaf; Morphology
目 录
摘要3
关键词3
Abstract3
Key words3
1 材料与方法3
1.1 试验材料与试验地点3
1.2 试验设计 4
1.3 项目测定和方法4
2 结果与分析4
2.1 孕穗期高温处理对水稻叶长叶宽的影响4
2.1.1 孕穗期高温对水稻叶长的影响4
2.1.2 孕穗期高温对水稻叶宽的影响5
2.2 高温处理下水稻黄叶比动态变化规律6
2.2.1 孕穗期高温处理黄叶比动态变化规律6
2.2.2 开花期高温处理黄叶比动态变化规律8
3 讨论与结论 10
致谢11
参考文献11
极端高温对水稻叶片形态影响的研究
水稻是中国乃至是全球范围内最重要的粮食作物之一，我国有一半以上的人口以水稻作为主食。据统计，预计到2050年，要满足人们对粮食的需求，全球水稻的产量将要以每年0.6%~0.9%的方式增产才能达到这一目标[1]。作为起源于低纬度热带地区的高温短日照植物，形成了适应高温和短日照的生理生态特性[2]。虽然水稻的生长发育需要相对较高的温度，但是其在某些生育期内对温度极为敏感。水稻在不同生长发育阶段对温度的要求和响应各不相同[3]，但都存在一个最适温度和临界温度，如果超出了上限或下限临界温度，水稻的生长发育就会出现异常，超过水稻所承受高温的温度范围将形成高温胁迫。高温胁迫是指温度升高到一定程度并超过一段时间对作物生长和发育造成不