染料废水降解菌的分离与分子鉴定
毕业论文关键词：染料废水；降解菌；废水处理
Dye wastewater degradation bacteria isolation and molecular identification
Abstract: With the increasing of wastewater drainage in China because of the rapid development of economic and increasing of the standard of living，the water pollution becomes more and more serious. There are different kinds of dyes wastewater treatment mainly include biological treatment, chemical treatment, physical treatment, etc., but due to the advantages of biological treatment method is more widely used in daily life and production. This study collected in different parts of the soil, through a certain gradient dilution, using culture medium containing potassium tellurite can make colonies black screened out some strains, thus obtain strains with electron transfer functions used in dye degradation .Through the use of the four pisions line method purifies the single species, this study, a total of 7 of black colonies of strain Finally, the separation of the function of the dye wastewater degradation bacteria strains has carried on the preliminary appraisal and morphology observation, and the degradation of the bacterial strains with better effect, use of modern molecular biology techniques for amplification of bacteria 16S rRNA genes, and thus determine the species of genus status, found that it is Escherichia hermannii.
Key words: Dye wastewater ; Degradation bacteria ; Wastewater treatment
目 录
1 染料废水降解菌群的筛选 3
1.1样品来源 3
1.2所使用的培养基 3
1.3分离纯化 3
1.4菌种总DNA提取 3
1.4.1所使用的仪器 3
1.4.2操作步骤 3
1.4.3注意事项 4
2 染料废水降解菌菌种测序与脱色 5
2.1 PCR扩增 5
2.2 电泳检测 6
2.2.1琼脂糖凝胶的制备 6
2.2.2琼脂糖凝胶电泳 6
2.3测序 7
2.4 染料脱色 7
2.4.1脱色过程 7
2.4.2染料废水脱色菌的生长曲线测定 7
2.4.3染料废水脱色菌的脱色能力鉴定 8
3 结果与讨论 8
3.1 菌种分离结果 8
3.2 菌种的形态观察 10
3.3染料废水降解菌的生长情况 11
3.4分子鉴定结果 12
3.5结论 12
引言
随着我国工业科技的发展，特别是随着石油、化工、材料等工业的快速发展，由此所带来的水污染也变得越来越严重，而且污水的成分也越来越复杂。染料废水在工业废水中所占的排放比例日益增大，印染工业中所使用的染料有近万种，其组成结构复杂，主要是以芳烃、杂环化合物等作为一些有机物的母体，并且会带有部分极性基团以及部分有显色能力的显色基团，染料分子中含有较多基团能够与水分子形成氢键，一般情况下很难被降解，且存在很强的毒性，对水体环境的危害特别大，尤其是对于农业、养殖业的危害更严重。染料废水中的染料分子可以吸收光线，大大降低水体的透明度，消耗水中的氧气，所以会导致水体缺少氧气，进而会对微生物、水生生物的生长造成破坏，破坏了水体本身的自净功能，同时也及易导致视觉上产生一定的污染。