摘要基质作为容器栽培的重要材料，需求越来越大，随着泥炭开采限制的增加，泥炭代替物的研究也变得更为重要。高效经济的利用园林绿化中产生的有机废弃物，如:枯枝落叶等，具有非常重要的意义。实验采用校园内香樟修剪所得枝叶经腐熟所得腐解物作为实验材料，使用草炭、园土、磷酸、脱硫石膏对腐解物理化性质调节，使其达到合理的范围。48306

首先采用不同浓度的磷酸以及脱硫石膏调节废弃物基质的pH值，经过磷酸调节的基质pH由7.78降到6.83，8次淋洗后pH值稳定在7.29，脱硫石膏调节后基质pH由7.78下降并稳定在6.6，达到了调节的效果。

其次采用草炭、园土与腐解物按体积比混合成8组不同配比基质（腐解物：草炭=5:1,5:2,5:3,5:4，腐解物：园土=5:1,5:2,5:3,5:4），以纯腐解物、草炭、园土为对照实验组，共计11组基质。经过各组配比基质理化性质（容重、孔隙度、pH、EC养分等指标）比较，出现了规律性的变化。结果表明，不同基质理化性质比较后，草炭材料持水孔隙度大、pH低、的特点，调节后，香樟腐解物孔隙度从5.5提升至17，pH从7.83调整到7.24，毛管水上升试验中，5：4 比腐解物同时间上升了2.34cm。与园土混合配比基质中，园土的容重大的特点，（腐解物：园土5:4）基质明显比原腐解物的容重高3倍，该配比基质的固根作用效果好。同时腐解物本身的养分较高，各养分都明显比草炭、园土高出2-3倍，有的甚至更高。

最后将各配比基质用于植物栽培实验，根据植物形态（生长高度、地径变化、叶绿素）指标的变化比较，腐解物基质的生长速度和胸径变化量相比其他基质都是最好的。调节后的基质与草炭、园土比起到了取长补短的作用。

毕业论文关键词：基质；废弃物；香樟；配比基质 

Abstract

Important material matrix as the container cultivation, growing demand, with the increase in peat extraction limits, peat substitute research has become more important. Organic waste utilization Landscaping efficient economy produced, such as: litter, etc., has a very important significance. Experiment campus camphor trim obtained by decomposition of branches and leaves resulting decomposing as experimental material, the use of peat, garden soil, phosphate, gypsum decomposition on the physical and chemical properties adjust to reach a reasonable range.

First, different concentrations of phosphoric acid and gypsum adjust the pH value of the waste matrix, the matrix pH phosphate after adjustment by 7.78 times down to 6.83,8 after leaching the pH stabilized at 7.29, after adjusting the gypsum matrix and pH decreased from 7.78 stable at 6.6, to the effect of the adjustment.

Secondly, the use of peat, garden soil and decomposing volume ratio mixed into 8 groups of different ratio of matrix (decomposing products: peat = 5: 1,5: 2,5: 3,5: 4, decomposing: garden soil = 5: 1,5: 2,5: 3,5: 4), pure decomposing peat, garden soil as a control experiment, a total of 11 group matrix. After each group ratio matrix physicochemical properties (bulk density, porosity, pH, EC nutrients and other indicators) comparison, there have been regular changes. The results showed that the comparison of different substrates physicochemical properties of peat material water holding large porosity, pH is low, the characteristics, after adjustment, camphor decomposing porosity from 5.5 up to 17, pH from 7.83 adjusted to 7.24, capillary water rise test 5: 4 ratio of decomposing the same time increased by 2.34cm. Garden soil mixed with the ratio of the matrix, a major characteristic of container garden soil, (decomposing products: garden soil 5: 4) was significantly higher than the density of the original matrix decomposing three times, the solid root of the ratio of matrix effects it is good. While decomposing itself higher nutrient each nutrient are significantly higher than the peat, garden soil 2-3 times, and some even higher.