摘要在进入课堂学习之前，学生的大脑当中并不是完全空白的，在日常生活中和辨认式学习的过程中，学生积累了很多的概念，称之为前科学概念，简称前概念。这些前概念当中有些是与科学概念相同，在学生学习过程中起促进作用；但同时也存在一些概念，其与科学概念相悖或不尽相同，在学生学习科学概念的过程中起着阻碍作用。因此，了解学生所存在的前概念，对学生科学概念的学习有着重要的意义。51706

本研究采用李高峰编写的“初中生物学前科学概念测量问卷”对杭州市萧山新湾镇初级中学的七年级偶数班学生（共137人）所存在的前概念进行调查，并利用excel和SPSS软件对调查结果进行处理。通过统计学的方法，分析了农村初中七年级学生的前概念拥有情况和性别对学生前概念拥有情况的影响。研究结果表明：七年级学生拥有着较高水平的前概念，人均前概念得分为22.22分，涉及了浙教版《科学》生物教学九个章节，涵盖面较广；性别对学生的前概念拥有影响不显著；学生前概念拥有率超过60%的概念有18个。

Abstract

Before entering the classroom, the brain of the students is not completely empty. During the daily life, students have accumulated a lot of concepts, called pre-scientific concept, referred to the preconception. Some of these preconceptions and scientific concepts are the same, playing a catalytic role in the learning process; but there are also some preconceptions and scientific concepts which plays a blocking role in students’ learning scientific concepts process,are opposite or not completely same. Therefore, understanding the concept of the student before the existence of student learning scientific concepts is of great significance.

In this study, the author used “the former junior high school biology science concepts measure Questionnaire” written by Li Gaofeng to investigate Hangzhou XiaoshanXinwan Junior School seventh-grade students (total 137) owned preconceptions, and used excel and spss software to deal with the findings. By statistical methods, the author analyzed the effect of the preconceptions of rural junior high school students in the seventh grade and whether gender will influence the preconceptions students owned. The results show that: seventh-grader has the preconception in high levels, and the average score of preconception is 22.22 points, which is covering wide included nine chapters of the science textbook about biology; gender has no significant effect on students' preconceptions; preconception students have more than 60 percent of is 18.

毕业论文关键词：前概念；农村初中；七年级学生；生物学

Keyword: Preconception; Rural junior middle school; Grade seven students; Biology

目    录

1引言 4

1.1选题背景 4

1.2研究意义 4

1.2.1充实国内农村初中学生生物学前概念相关研究 4

1.2.2为萧山农村地区教师教学提供一些参考，提高课堂教学质量 4

2 国内外前概念研究综述 5

2.1国外关于前概念的研究 5

2.2国内关于前概念的研究 5

2.2.1关于生物学前概念的调查研究 5

2.2.2关于生物学前概念的理论研究 5

2.2.3关于生物学前概念的实证研究 6

3 相关概念的界定 6

3.1概念