摘要土壤微生物是植物土壤生态系统中比较活跃的组成成分，土壤微生物多样性代表着微生物群落的稳定性，对植物的生长发育和群落结构的演替具有重要作用。根际微生物种类丰富，不仅存在着许多对植物有益的微生物群落，而且土壤微生物种类、数目以及分布已成为评价土壤生态环境质量的重要指标，为当前的研究热点。根际微生物以细菌为主，占微生物总数的 98%以上，并且是革兰氏阴性菌占优势。常见的有假单胞菌属、黄杆菌属、产碱杆菌属、土壤杆菌属和色杆菌属等。常见的根际放线菌主要是链霉菌属、小单孢菌属和诺卡氏菌属菌等。常见的根际真菌属有镰刀菌属、粘帚霉属、青霉属、根柱孢属、丝核菌属、被孢霉属、曲霉属、腐霉属和木霉属等。通过植物根系分泌物和外来植物入侵对土壤微生物多样性的影响分析，探讨植物和土壤微生物多样性之间的内在联系，为植物保护和农业可持续发展研究提供参考。51855

银杏是我国的特有树种，银杏在生长周期内很少发生病害，具有较强的抗逆性，其中的内生菌对抵抗病原菌侵害有着不可或缺的作用。

本文以银杏为研究材料，用稀释涂布法分离银杏根际土壤微生物，进行纯化并鉴定后，分析银杏根际土壤微生物群落分布和多样性；通过平板观察法初筛，筛选出有解磷、固氮、载铁、产IAA、产淀粉酶及纤维素酶活性等性质的菌株。

毕业论文关键词：银杏；土壤微生物多样性；影响；研究进展

Abstract: 

Soil microorganism is an active factor in soil plant ecosystem, soil microbial persity represents the stability of microbial community, on plant growth and community structure succession plays an important role. Root rhizospHere microorganisms are abundant, not only the existence of many beneficial to plants of the microbial communities and soil microbial species, number and distribution has become an important indicator of the ecological and environmental quality in the evaluation of soil, is the current research focus. Microbes in the rhizospHere bacteria dominated, accounting for more than 98% of the total number of bacteria, and is a gram negative bacteria dominant. Common species of genus Pseudomonas, bacillus, bacillus, Agrobacterium, and genera. The rhizospHere of common actinomycetes is mainly Streptomyces, Micromonospora and Nocardia bacteria etc.. Is a common rhizospHere fungi Fusarium, Gliocladium, Penicillium, pillar sp., Rhizoctonia, by Neurospora sp., Aspergillus, Pythium spp., Trichoderma species. Through the plant root exudates and exotic plant invasion on soil microbial persity analysis of plant and soil microbial persity between the inner link, in order to provide reference for the study of plant protection and agricultural sustainable development.

Ginkgo biloba is a unique tree species in China. It has a strong resistance to stress resistance, and it has an important role in the growth cycle of Ginkgo biloba in the growth cycle.

This paper to Ginkgo biloba as research materials, the dilution coating method separating ginkgo rhizospHere soil microorganism, were purified and identified. Analysis of Ginkgo rhizospHere soil microbial community structure and persity; by plate observation method at the beginning of the sieve, screened out a solution of pHospHorus, nitrogen fixation and sideropHore, IAA production, production of amylase and cellulase activity etc. the nature of the isolates.

Key words: Ginkgo biloba; soil microbial persity; influence; research progress

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摘要 I

Abstract: II

目录 III

1引言 1

1.1银杏