摘  要：水仙花是一种常见的室内观赏植物，它的香气成分一直备受关注。本实验以中国水仙中的单瓣水仙为研究材料，利用动态顶空采集法和同时蒸馏萃取法收集植物挥发物，通过气相色谱-质谱联用法分析挥发物的化学组成。结果表明：动态顶空采集法分析鉴定出β-罗勒烯(10.7%)、3-蒈烯(13.94%)、桉树脑(4.96%)、乙酸苯甲酯(4.35%)、二十烷(4.92%)、四十三烷(4.16%)等10种物质，总相对百分含量为54.15%；同时蒸馏萃取法分析鉴定出吲哚(29.19%）和十七烷(40.75%)两种物质，总相对含量为69.94%。中国水仙挥发物中含有多种香料成分，希望我们的研究工作能为水仙天然香料的开发利用提供理论依据。57367

毕业论文关键词：中国水仙,植物挥发物,动态顶空采集法,同时蒸馏萃取法,气质联用

Abstract: Narcissus is a common indoor ornamental flower. Close attention has always been paid to the composition of its scent. In this study, Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis was used as the main material. The volatile components from it extracted by using dynamic headspace analysis and simultaneous distillation extraction were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS). The results showed that ten components constituting 54.15% of the total extract were identified by the dynamic headspace analysis, and they were β-Ocimene(10.7%)、3-Carene(13.94%)、Eucalyptol(4.96%)、Acetic acid、phenylmethyl ester (54.35%)、Eicosane(4.92%) and Tritetracontane(4.16%)ect; Two components constituting 69.94% of the total extract were identified by the Simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction, and they were Indole (29.19%) and Heptadecane (40.75%). The volatile organic components from Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis contains lots of spice, and hoping that our study can provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of the natural narcissus spice. 

Key words: Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis, volatile components, dynamic headspace analysis, simultaneous distillation extraction, GC-MS

目   录 

1前言4

1.1水仙花挥发物的组成4

1.2植物挥发物的提取方法5

2材料与方法6

2.1材料与试剂6

2.2仪器与设备6

2.3实验方法6

2.4 GC-MS分析7

3实验结果7

4讨论9

结论11

参考文献 12

致谢 14

1  前言

中国水仙(Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis)是石蒜科水仙属植物。目前栽培的品种主要有两个：一种是单瓣水仙,花为单瓣,白色，花被6裂，有一金黄色环状副冠，故称金盏银台，清香浓郁;二是重瓣水仙,花为重瓣,白色，花被12裂，卷成一簇，称为玉玲珑，香气较淡雅。

中国水仙两品种除花瓣存在差异，花香也有不同，而花香是由植物挥发物成分组成所决定。植物挥发物(volatile organic compounds，VOCs)是植物通过次生代谢途径合成的低沸点易挥发的小分子有机化合物。近年来，随着对植物挥发物研究的深入，人们发现它们在生态系统中的作用越来越明显，已经引起了极大的关注。在生态系统中，植物挥发物具有传递化学信息的重要作用；在人体健康方面，植物挥发物具有调节精神、缓解疲劳、强身健体、除病保健的功效；在净化空气上，植物挥发性成分中的萜类化合物可增加周围环境空气的清新度，还可抑制微生物的生长[1]。

植物花的不同器官在不同时间内会释放出多种挥发性物质，植物花的香气便是由植物所释放的挥发性物质组成。迄今为止，人类已从90个属991种植物分类群中鉴定出2000多种植物挥发物[2-3],主要包括烯烃类、烷烃类、醛类、醇类、酯类、醚类和芳香族化合物等化合物，而按照植物合成途径又可将其分为三大类.