摘要以4,4´-二氟二苯砜(DFDPS)与4,4´-联苯二酚(BP)、4,4´-二氟-3,3´-二磺酸二苯砜二钠盐(SDFDPS)为单体，通过芳香亲核取代反应，调整磺化单体和非磺化单体的比例成功制备了不同磺化度的直链型磺化聚芳醚砜（SPAES）。利用所合成的聚合物，制备了一系列阳离子膜。考察了所制得的SPAES膜的对于Mg2+、K+及Na+三种离子的选择透过性能，Mg2+、K+及Na+在相同PVP含量膜中的透过量随着时间的增加而增大；在相同条件下，三种离子的透过量顺序为： Mg2+>K+>Na+。K+、Mg2+同时存在条件下，K+比单独存在时的透过量大，而Mg2+比单独存在时的透过量小。对于不同磺化度的SPAES膜来说，磺化度越高，离子的透过量越小。64557

毕业论文关键词  磺化聚芳醚砜  阳离子交换膜  透过性 离子选择性

Title  The relationship between the selective permeability of the cations and the structures in the cation exchange membranes 

Abstract

A series of sulfonated poly (aryl ether sulfone (SPAES) were synthesized from 4, 4´- two fluorine diphenyl sulfone (DFDPS) and 4, 4´- biphenyl (BP) hydroquinone, 4, 4 ´ - two fluorine - 3, 3 ´ - sulfonic acid diphenyl sulfone disodium salt (SDFDPS) The sulfonated degree was controlled by the feed ratio of sulfonated monomer and the unsulfonated monomerof the cation membranes were prepared by phase change method. The selective permeability in the membranes for three different kinds of cations, Mg 2 +, K + and Na + was investigated. In the membranes with the same amount of PVP during membrane praparation, the permeability of Mg 2 +, K + and Na + increased with the time. Under the same condition, the permeability of thethree kinds of ions was in the following order:  Mg2+>K+>Na+. When for the mixture cations of K+ and Mg2+,  the K+ has a larger permeability than it was in sole case, while Mg2+ has a smaller one. For SPAES membranes with different sulfonation degree, the permeability of cations was decreased with the increase of the sulfonated degree.

Keywords  sulfonated poly(arylene ether) sulfone   cation exchange membrane   permeability   cation selectivity

  目录

1  绪论 1

1.1离子交换膜的选择透过性机理 1

1.1.1 传统的双电层理论 1

1.1.2 Donnan膜平衡理论 1

1.1.3 空穴传导—双电层理论 1

1.2离子交换膜 1

1.2.1 全氟磺酸系列离子交换膜 2

1.2.2聚氟乙烯及其衍生物的聚合物离子交换膜 2

1.2.3 非氟芳香族聚合物 3

1.3 论文研究意义及实验设计 5

1.3.1 研究目的 5

1.3.2 研究实验设计 5

2.实验部分 6

2.1 实验药品和仪器设备 6

2.1.1 实验药品 6

2.1.2实验仪器和设备 6

2.1.3 实验药品的纯化 7

2.2 聚合物的合成 7

2.2.1 3,3’-二磺化-4,4’-二氟二苯砜二钠盐（SDFDPS）的合成 7

2.2.2 无规共聚磺化聚芳醚砜聚合物的合成 8

2.2.3 SPAES膜的浇铸