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摘要硼砂是一种较为常见的违禁食品添加剂，毒性极高，世界各国都禁止将其添加在事物中。然而，硼砂具有增加食物韧性和脆度等功能，往往被黑心商贩违法用于面条、粽子、腐竹、米粉、丸子等食品中，起到防腐和改良色泽的作用。人食用含有硼砂的食品后，轻者会食欲减退、消化不良，严重者会造成呕吐、腹泻、红斑、循环系统障碍、休克、昏迷甚至死亡等硼砂中毒症状。目前国内外对食品中硼砂的检测方法主要有两大类，分别是定性检测和定量检测。定性法包括显微结晶法和显色法，定量发包括滴定法、分光光度法、荧光法、反相液相色谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）和电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）等。这些方法在不同层次上有的各自的优缺点，本文通过乙基己二醇-三氯甲烷溶液对阿尔曼速冻芹菜肉饺子，三全速冻饺子，思念以及阿尔曼韭菜肉饺子等四个样品中的硼酸进行快速的富集、萃取，除去共存盐类的影响，利用浓硫酸与姜黄混合生成的质子化姜黄与硼酸反应形成红色产物这一原理，通过分光光度法来测定速冻面制品中硼砂的含量，结果发现产物在550nm处有最大吸收峰，显色反应时间为10分钟。所取的四个样品硼酸浓度不高于5.0mg/ml.符合食品卫生标准。46979
毕业论文关键词：硼砂，违禁添加剂，检测，分光光度法
Abstract
Borax is a kind of common banned food additives. Because of high toxicity, it is banned to add to food in all countries around the world. However, borax can increase food’s toughness and brittleness, so some "dirty" vendors tends to illegally add the borax in noodles, dumplings, and rice, meat balls and so on, in order to achieve the effect of anticorrosion and improved color. After eating food containing borax, person in less serious cases will lost appetite and indigestion, those in severe cases can cause some poisoning symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, erythema, circulatory dysfunction, shock, coma and even death. The detection method of borax in food at home and abroad basically has two kinds, respectively is qualitative test and quantitative test. Qualitative method including microscopic crystallization and chromogenic method, quantitative hair including titration, spectrophotometry, fluorescence method, reversed phase liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), etc. These methods have their respective advantages and disadvantages at different levels. In this paper, solution of boric acid in samples can be enriched and extracted by diethyl adipate glycol – chloroform. Removing theinfluence of coexistence salts, this paper use the principle that concentrated sulfuric acid mixed with turmeric generated protonation of turmeric, turmeric and boric acid react to generate red product, and then use the spectrophotometric method to determine the content of borax in the frozen flour products, this method is more simple and faster, relatively can meet the demand of the rapid detection of borax in food.
Key words: Borax, banned additive, detection, spectrophotometry
目录
1 引言 1
2 材料方法 3
2.1 原理方法 3
2.2 主要仪器 3
2.3 试剂 3
2.4 实验材料 4
2.5 硼砂检测实验操作方法 4
2.5.1 样品预处理 4
2.5.2 样品消解 4
2.5.3 测定