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摘 要 近年来，由于无线通信系统向着大容量﹑多功能﹑智能化的趋势飞速发展，天线作为无线通信系统不可缺少的一部分也在向着小型化﹑多频化的趋势发展。本文研究的重点就是多频小型化微带天线。并采用理论分析﹑数值仿真和实验验证的方式对它们进行了研究。本文的研究工作主要分以下两个部分： 首先，本文对于微带天线相关的基本理论进行了阐释，大致说明了一个基本微带贴片天线分析方法、设计原理及电参数。然后对于天线的圆极化、小型化、多频化技术理论进行了概述。 其次，本文在天线圆极化、小型化、多频化技术理论的基础上，设计了一种叠层三频圆极化天线。此天线工作在B3 （1.268GHz）、 L （1.615GHz）、 S(2.491GHz)三个波段上，天线尺寸是 44mm*44mm*15mm，使用三层介质板叠加而成，下面两层是使用单馈切角来形成圆极化，最上一层将使用 U型槽来改善带宽。通过使用 3D 电磁场仿真软件 HFSS13.0 对不同性能天线进行仿真，研究了天线在增益、方向图、驻波、极化轴比等特性方面的不同。8322
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关键词：多频带，小型化，圆极化，轴比，增益，微带天线
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of larger capacity, multi-functions and
intelligence communication systems, antenna as an indispensability part of
communication systems is having the tendency to be multi-frequency and
miniaturization.This dissertation mainly researches the multi-frequency and
miniaturized microstrip antennas. Three multi-frequency and miniaturized
microstrip antennas are proposed. Many technologies of them are discussed in theory,
simulation and experiment. the main research work is pided into two parts:
Firstly, this article explains the basic theory for the microstrip antenna, the idea
of a microstrip patch antenna analysis methods, design principles and electrical
parameters. Then, the circular polarization of the antenna miniaturization,
multi-frequency technology theory are outlined.
Secondly, on the basis of the theory of the circular polarization of the antenna,
miniaturization, multi-frequency technology , Designing a laminated three-band
circularly polarized antenna. The proposed antenna can operate at B3，L band and S
band simultaneously, the antenna size is 44mm * 44mm * 15mm, the superposition of
the use of three-layer dielectric slab, the following two layers is to use a single fed
truncated corners to the formation of circular polarization, the top layer will use the
U-shaped slot to improve the bandwidth. By using the 3D electromagnetic field
simulation software HFSS13.0 simulation ,we make a study of the difference of
antenna’s properties such as antenna gain, pattern, standing wave, axis ratio and so on.
Key word:, Multi-band, miniaturization , circular polarization, axial ratio,
gain, microstrip antennas
目录
摘 要. I
1绪论 1
1.1引言 . 1
1.2微带天线的概述 . 2
2微带天线基本理论 3
2.1微带天线的辐射机理 . 3
2.2微带天线的分析方法 . 5
2.2.1 传输线法 . 5
2.2.2 空腔模型 . 6
2.2.3 多端口网络模型 . 6
2.2.4 积分方程法——全波分析法 . 6
2.3 微带贴片天线设计原则及计算公式 9
2.3.1 介质的选择 . 9
2.3.2 线极化微带贴片天线设计步骤 . 10
2.4微带天线的基本电参数 . 11
2.4.1概述 11