摘要心脏病是目前世界上最棘手的疾病之一，严重威胁着人类的健康和生命。心音信号( PCG) 、心电信号( ECG) 是人体重要的生理信号, 携带大量生理特征, 载有人体心血管系统的生理病、理信息，心音听诊是无创性检测心脏疾病的重要方法，具有心电图、超声心电图不可替代的优势，但这些微弱信号的提取极易受到外界的干扰，给医学心音听诊带来了困难。随着计算机技术和数字信号处理技术的飞速发展，对心音、心电信号的定性定量分析工作取得了相当大的进展，但对心音、心电信号的量化分析需要有大量的数据，因而大量准确、可靠地数据采集就显得十分重要了。

本文首先系统剖析了心音信号的产生机理和主要特性，分析了传统医学心音听诊器上的优点和不足，总结了当前国内外心音信号采集分析处理系统的研究发展现状和存在的问题，结合当前一些实际状况，从理论上证明了对心音信号采集和分析更可靠、准确的方法的可行性。结合自己学过的知识和查阅的相关资料，综合应用模拟电子技术、数字电子技术、微控制器、Altium Designer模拟软件和Visual c++等多方面的知识，研制了以较低成本实现对患者心电信号的较准确可靠的实时听诊测试、记录与分析的心音信号采集和分析系统。66661

毕业论文关键词 心音   信号采集  数字滤波  陷波器  

Abstract

Heart disease is currently the world's most intractable  diseases, a serious threat to human health and life. Heart sound signal(PCG),ECG(ECG)is an important human  physiological signals, carrying large amounts of physical characteristics, human cardiovascular system containing physiological disease, geographic information, heart sounds auscultation is noninvasive detection of cardiac diseases is an important method, with electrocardiogram, echocardiogram irreplaceable advantages, but these weak signal extraction vulnerable to outside interference. the rapid development of the heart sounds, ECG qualitative and quantitative analysis has made considerable progress, but the heart sounds, ECG quantitative analysis requires a lot of data, and therefore a large number of accurate and reliable data acquisition it is very important.

   Firstly, the system analyzes the heart sound signal generation mechanism and the main characteristics of the traditional medicine stethoscope on heart sounds advantages and disadvantages, heart sound signal acquisition and analysis and processing system research and development status and existing problems, combined with the current number of practical conditions, the accurate method is feasible. Combined with their learned knowledge and access to the relevant information, comprehensive application of analog electronics, digital electronics, micro controllers, Altium Designer simulation software and Visual c + +and other aspects of knowledge developed in order to achieve a lower cost to the patient ECG a more accurate and reliable signal in real time auscultation test, recording and analysis of heart sound signal acquisition and analysis system.

Keywords: heart sound   heart sound sensor  acquisition and analysis of digital  filtering notch   

目录

1 前言 7

1.1 课题研究意义 7

1.1.1本课题研究的现实意义 7

1．1．2心脏的声音产生与传导机制 10

1.2 研究现状 13

1.3 研究目的 16

1.4 研究方法 16

1.5 论文主要内容