摘要随着人们对生态环境的关注，音景生态学这一名词逐渐进入人们的视野。音景生态学是研究在地理景观中所产生的所有声音整体的新兴领域。通过对生态环境中的声音进行声学分析，来了解生物多样性，生态结构，生态环境，生态保护等多种问题。近年来，学者们提出了一系列的声学指数来描绘音景生态环境的特性，包括α参数和β参数。

本文依托国家自然科学基金项目（No。 61401203），进行音景生态学中声学指数的相关研究。本课题通过对鄱阳湖南叽湿地自然保护区实地考察，采集音景数据样本，基于已提出的声学指数，开展了野外连续音景监测。详细说明了已提出的多种声学指数的物理含义及其计算方法，基于连续采集的音景数据对不同声学指数进行了分析和比较。计算结果表明，在清晨和傍晚，生物多样性较丰富，而在中午和夜里，生物活动明显较少。进一步的比较分析表明，多种现有声学指数中的谱熵指数Hf，声音熵指数H和幅度包络中值M均对天气因素较敏感。时间熵指数Ht整体变化均不明显，灵敏度较低，而谱熵指数Hf和声音熵指数H结果相类似，具有一致性。76977

关键词 音景生态学 声学指数 南叽湿地自然保护区 生物多样性

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    Analysis and comparison of acoustic indices for Soundscape ecology                                                                 

Abstract

Concern with the development of the ecological environment, the term soundscape ecology gradually into view。 Soundscapes in landscape ecology is the study of all of the sound generated by a whole new area。 Through acoustic analysis of the voice of ecological environment, to learn about the biopersity, ecosystem structure, and the ecological environment, ecological conservation and other issues。 In recent years, scholars have put forward a series of acoustic index to describe the characteristics of soundscape environment, including the α index and β index。

Based on National Natural Science Foundation project（No。 61401203）, the paper study on the acoustic index of soundscape ecology。This project through investigating Poyang Lake nanji wetland Nature Reserve, collecting soundscapes data samples based on acoustic indices that have been put forward, continuous soundscapes monitoring experiments carried out。 Details has been made in the physical meaning and variety of acoustic index calculation method in MATLAB based on continuous soundscape collected data so that different acoustic indices are analyzed and compared。Acoustic indices calculation shows that, in the early morning and late afternoon, rich in biological persity, and in the afternoon and at night, significantly less biological activity。 Further comparative analysis shows that Spectrum entropy index Hf ,acoustic entropy index H and median of amplitude envelope M are more sensitive to the weather。Temporal entropy index Ht as a whole does not change significantly, lower sensitivity, spectral entropy index Hf  and acoustic entropy index H is similar and consistent。

Keywords  soundscape  acoustic indices   Nanji Wetland Nature Reserve   biological persity

目  次

1  引言 1

1。1研究背景及意义 1

1。2国内外研究现状 1

1。3论文主要工作及结构安排 2

2  音景生态学概述 3

2。1音景生态学定义