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摘 要：《老残游记》是晚清四大谴责小说之一，作为谴责小说的名篇，在写作艺术方面具有很高的成就。小说在人物、环境等方面描写独特。人物描写生动形象，作者对人物的细致刻画，就如同人物跃然纸上般，触之可感；环境描写细致入微，作品虽是一部谴责小说，但却是以游记体式呈现给读者，对自然，对山水，对人物环境氛围等的白描赋物随形；更耐人寻的是小说的中心思想，作者所表达的思想蕴含在巧妙的构思中，初读作品很难发现其中的深刻思想，只有在不断地品读中才会发现藏在作品深处的精髓。《老残游记》以老残这个第三人称角度，从他的所见所闻，表达了对当时贪官污吏的批判，对晚清社会的罪恶进行无情揭露，着重对所谓的“清官”实则是为了自己的仕途而不惜草菅人命的丑恶行径进行批判。《老残游记》作为晚清谴责小说的代表，针砭社会要害，其中心思想值得仔细推敲的。关键词：《老残游记》；人物形象；环境描写；隐藏思想8150
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Study on the Writing Features of Travels of Laocan
Abstract:Travels of Laocan is one of the four condemning novels of late Qing Dynasty, As a famous Condemnation Novels, Has the very high achievement in the art of writing. Novel in the character, unique environment description. The figure description vivid portrayal of characters, the author carefully, as figures stand vividly revealed on the paper like, touch sense; environment description carefully, works is a condemnation of the novel, but in travel style is presented to the reader, to nature, to landscape, Line drawing on environment with the shape character; More afford much food for thought is the central idea of the novel, the author expressed all the ideas contained in the ingenious conception, the first reading of works hard to find the profound thought, only by constantly reading will find hidden in the depths of the soul works.Travels of Laocan in Lao the third person perspective, from his what one sees and hears, expressed the criticism on the corrupt officials, to the late Qing Dynasty social evils were ruthlessly exposes, focuses on the so-called clean actually is to their own career and life at the ugly acts of criticism. "Representative" travels of Laocan as condemning novels of the late Qing Dynasty, points out the social harm, the central idea is worthy of scrutiny.
Key words: Travels of Laocan; Character image; Environment description; The hidden ideas.
目 录
摘 要 1
Abstract 1
前言… 2
一、全面的人物刻画3
（一）侧面烘托塑玉贤…3
（二）正面白描造黑妞…4
二、独特环境的描写5
（一）蓬莱阁之景6
（二）观日出之状6
三、隐藏的批判思想…6
结语… 7
参考文献… 8
致谢…10
《老残游记》写作特色研究
前言
《老残游记》与其他三部作品《官场现形记》、《二十年目睹之怪现状》和《孽海花》是公认的中国近代小说中的四大名著。在文学史中，这四部小说被称为“四大谴责小说”。[1]
“其在小说，则揭发伏藏，显其弊恶，而于时政，严加纠弹，或更扩充，并及风俗。虽命意在于匡世，似与讽刺小说同伦，而辞气浮露藏锋，甚且过甚其辞，以合时人嗜好，则其度量技术之相去远矣，故别谓之谴责小说。”[2]
这是鲁迅先生对晚清时期出现的谴责小说的定义，这类小说揭露社会丑恶，批判腐败统治制度，并提出了种种改良社会的主张。晚清时期谴责小说兴起，这和当时的社会环境有着密切联系：晚清时期，中国内部腐败，外部受帝国主义侵略，国势日颓，作为文学群体的作家们口诛笔伐，纷纷执笔表达内心的愤懑，希望清朝统治者能够醒悟。