摘    要

在高中物理教学中，物理模型的构建和应用是一个非常重要的教学内容。高中物理所涉及到的物理模型，根据解决物理问题需要可划分为实体模型、过程模型、状态模型和条件模型。物理建模作为一种重要的物理方法，具有抽象性和形象性统一、科学性与假设性统一、简洁性与美学性统一三个特征。高中学生的认知水平为物理模型教学提供了基础，高中物理学科特点为物理模型教学提供了保障。本文将高中物理模型建构的一般过程分为问题的感知阶段、模型的建构阶段和模型的检验和完善阶段三个阶段，同时列举了理想法、类比法和等效替代法三种构建模型的方法。笔者从物理问题解决的角度对物理教学进行探讨，选取了三个比较典型的案例，作为模型构建和运用的实例加以分析，以此说明如何巧妙地建构与应用物理模型开展教学，并对其进行教学反思，为之后的物理模型的教学提供一定的参考和建议。85193

Abstract

To the physics teaching in the senior high school, Physical Model is the basic and important content in the courses。 According to the four aspect which need to be clear during solving the physical problem, the Physical Model in the senior high school could be classified into four categories。 They are entity model, process model, state model and conditional model。 Physical model as an important physical method, it has three characteristics。 It is with abstract and vivid unified, scientific and hypothetical and aesthetic。 High school students' cognitive level provides the basis for the physical model teaching。 And high school physics discipline characteristic which guarantees the physical model teaching。 In this paper, the general process of the high school physics model to construct is pided into construct model of perception of the stage, construction stage and model test and perfect stage three stages。 And the passage List the ideal method, analogy method and the equivalent substitution method of three kinds of methods of building model。 According to the physics problem solving physics teaching, the paper selects three comprehensive problems as the model building and analysis of the instance and minutely analyzes in order to illustrate how to construct skillfully physical model and apply it in teaching, which can provide some the references and suggestions for the future teaching of Physical Model。 

关键词: 物理教学；模型建构；问题解决源Q于W优H尔J论K文M网WwW.youeRw.com 原文+QQ75201.,8766

Keywords:  the teach of physics；model’s construction；solve the problems

目    录

1。 绪论 1

1。1。 研究背景 1

1。2。 研究的问题与目的 1

2。 物理模型的概述 2

2。1。 物理模型的定义 2

2。2。 物理模型的分类 2

2。2。1。 实体物理模型 2

2。2。2。 条件物理模型 3

2。2。3。 状态物理模型 3

2。2。4。 过程物理模型 3

2。3。 物理模型的基本特性