摘要：半导体的界面特性一直是人们感兴趣的领域。界面现象与传统的化学工业以及上世纪80年代迅速发展起来的微电子科学技术、材料科学、生物技术为代表的现代高新技术领域密切相关。随着科学的发展,充分利用界面现象特性发展起来的新工艺新方法不断涌现。因此,界面现象一直为科学工作者所关注。而界面(汽-液界面,液-液界面)张力是研究界面现象的基础和出发点,界面张力数据是重要的化工基础数据,工程设计和工业生产需要界面张力的理论和可靠的数学模型。科学家们经过几百年的不懈努力,建立了完整的传统Gibbs界面热力学理论,对界面张力作了深入的研究,取得了丰硕的成果。

考虑到固体和液体在熔点时的结构和能量差远比固体和气体或者液体和气体之间的结构和能量差小的多的事实，在第三章中我们建立了描述金属和半导体温度依赖性的固液界面能γsl（T）和尺寸和温度依赖性的固液界面能γsl（r，T）的热力学模型。其计算结果结果与特恩布尔的过冷实验结果一致，支持了固液界面能的大小是尺寸和温度依赖性的函数。

讨论了所有元素的γsl（r，T）和ΔHm之间的线性关系。

关键词：固液界面能 尺寸依赖性温度依赖性

Abstract：The interface characteristics of semiconductors have always been areas of interest.The interface phenomenon is closely related to the traditional chemical industry and the modern high-tech fields represented by the rapid development of microelectronics science and technology,materials science and biotechnology in the 1980s.With the development of science,the new technology and new methods developed by making full use of the interface phenomenon  are emerging.Therefore,the interface phenomenon has always been concerned about the scientific workers.The interface(vapor-liquid  interface,liquid-liquid interface)tension is the basis and starting point for studying the interface phenomena.Interfacial tension data are important chemical basic data,engineering design and industrial production require interfacial tension theory and reliable mathematical model.Scientists,after centuries of unremitting efforts,established a complete traditional Gibbs interface thermodynamics theory,the interface tension made in-depth study,and  achieved fruitful results.

Considering the fact that the structure and energy difference between the solid and the liquid at the melting point are much smaller than those between the solid and the gas or the difference in the structure and energy between the liquid and the gas,in chapter  3  we  have  established  a  description  of  the  metal  and  the semiconductor

temperature dependence The solid-liquid interface energy γsl （ T） and the size and temperature dependence of the solid-liquid interface energy γs（l     r，T）thermodynamic model.The results of the calculation are in agreement with the results of the supercooling experiment of Turnbull,which supports the size of the solid-liquid interface energy as a function of size and temperature dependence.

Discuss the linear relationship between γsl（r，T）and ΔHm for all elements.

Keywords: Solid-liquid interfacial energy;Size dependence;Temperature dependence

目录

第一章绪论 2

1.1课题的目的与意义 2

1.2研究背景 3

1.2.1固—固、固—液界面能的定义与区别 3

1.2.2影响界面能的因素 4

1.2.3研究现状