摘要近年来，随着海洋事业的不断发展，船舶运输行业的兴起，油船的漏油事故也时 有发生，这对海洋生态环境造成了极大的破坏并且对社会造成了巨大的经济损失，这 种现象引起了社会各界的广泛关注。为此，国内外的科研工作人员对油船破损和油泄 漏方面都展开了深入的研究，为船舶运输行业的发展作出了巨大贡献。当前对油船破损油泄漏的研究手段主要有 3 种：理论分析，数值模拟，模型实验。 本文在把油船简化成液舱的模型基础之上，利用 FLUENT 软件采用 VOF 法数值模拟了液舱舱壁破孔时油泄漏情形，并且通过物理模型实验，简单地了解了舱壁破孔 时油泄漏的特性。主要进行了以下的工作：81957

(1) 介绍了油泄漏方面问题的研究背景以及国内外现状。

(2) 验证了 VOF 法在模拟液舱破损以后油泄漏速率与扩散轨迹上的可行性。 (3) 在 FLUENT 软件中分析了不同破孔高度下的油泄漏特性。

(4) 通过数值模拟和模型实验相结合的方法，研究了油与水之间的高度差对油泄 漏特性的影响。

(5) 指出本次研究中的不足之处，并提出改进措施，对以后的深入研究提供建议。

毕业论文关键词：数值模拟 油船破损 模型实验 VOF 法

Abstract In recent years, with the development of marine enterprise and the rise of ship transportation industry,oil spill accidents often occurred。 It caused great damage to the marine ecological environment and caused great economic losses to the society。This phenomenon causes wide attention of social all circles。For that, the domestic scientists and researchers abroad deeply researched on the damage of oil tanker and oil spill,they make great contribution to the development of the ship transportation industry。

There are there methods for doing research on the damage of oil tanker and oil spill,such as theoretical analysis, numerical simulation,and model experiment。Based on simplying the oil tanker as a tank’s model,this paper uses FLUENT software to simulate the oil spill in the tank when the hole is in bulkhead by VOF method ,and understands the characteristics of oil spill simply when the hole is in bulkhead, the following  work  has been carried out:

(1)Introduce the research’s background and the status in China and foreign countries of oil spill。

(2)Verified the feasibility of VOF method on simulating the track of oil and release rate。

(3)Analyse the characteristics of oil spill at different heights by FLUENT software。

(4)Do research on the effects of height difference between oil and water on oil sill  by numerical simulation,and model experiment。

(5)Point out the deficiencies in this study, and put forward the improved measures, provide suggestions for the further research。

Keywords: numerical simulation damage  of  oil tanker physical  experiments VOF method

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 2

1。2。1 模型研究 2

1。2。2 数值模拟 3

1。3 本文主要工作