An Analysis of ’s Speech at the Ceremony of B20 Summit: From the Perspective of Graduation Resources in Appraisal Theory

Abstract The ceremony speech that  delivered in the B20 summit is of great importance not only for the meeting itself, but also for China’s international image。 This thesis aims to analyze how the personal attitude and emotion and the position of the government are conveyed by the speech from the perspective of graduation resources in Martin and White’s appraisal theory (2005) The results of the analysis are presented as follows: (1) the upscaling resources accounts for a large proportion, while the frequency of the downscalings is quite limited。 The application of the upscaling resources intensifies both the speaker’s attitude and emotion directly and puts an emphasis on what they modify; (2) the resources of force type takes up the leading role, among which, those of intensification appear more frequently than those of quantification。 Through various forms of the resources in intensification including verbs, adverbs, adjectives, modalities, comparatives, superlatives and so on, the speaker can attract the audience’s attention more easily to understand and accept his views; (3) the numbers of the quantification resources are usually used to illustrate a fact or describe a present situation in the speech, which seems to be more exact and convincing to some extent; (4) the mere focus words all belong to sharpening, which imply the speaker’s intention。 Overall, the thesis proves that the graduation system, as an effective tool, can enable us to have a better understanding of the speech text and the speaker’s mind。   89492

Key words: Appraisal Theory; graduation; ceremony speech; attitude; emotion 

从评价理论极差视角分析在B20峰会开幕式上的演讲

摘  要在B20峰会开幕式上的演讲不论对于会议本身还是中国的国际形象都有着重要的意义。本文应用马丁和怀特的评价理论（2005），从极差角度分析演讲者是怎样将运用极差资源来表达自己的态度和情感，从而传达中国政府的立场的。论文对演讲文本的极差资源的分布情况进行了归类统计，并对所呈现的各资源出现频率差异情况加以解释说明，从而得出以下主要结论：（1）演讲中所用上升资源占大部分，而下降资源的数量非常有限；上升资源一方面直接强化讲话者态度情感，另一方面对所讲述的事物有强调作用；（2）文本中语势资源占主导地位，其中强化资源的应用比量化资源的分布更加广泛，演讲人通过动词、副词、形容词、情态动词、比较级、最高级、等各种形式的资源达到强调的目的，并吸引观众注意；（3）在量化资源中，数据总是被讲话者用来陈述一个事实或现状，这样的方式更加确切而容易使人信服；（4）仅有的几个聚焦资源全部属于锐化范畴，锐化词暗含了演讲者某些特别态度意义。总而言之，本研究证明了评价理论的极差系统资源是了解演讲文稿以及演讲人态度意图有效的工具。源Q于W优E尔A论S文R网wwW.yOueRw.com 原文+QQ75201,8766

毕业论文关键词：评价理论；极差；开幕式演讲；态度；情感

Contents

1。 Introduction 1

1。1 Research Background 1

1。2 Purpose and significance of the Study 2

1。3 Methods of analysis 2

1。4 Organization of the Thesis 2

1。5 Theoretical Framework 3

2。 Literature Review 5

2。1。 appraisal theory and Graduation Resources