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摘要《麦琪的礼物》是欧•亨利在20 世纪初写的，他是世界上最杰出的小说家之一。这篇小说讲的是关于德拉和吉姆在圣诞节前一天给对方送的一份宝贵的礼物，他们是最聪明的人而且展现了他们自己美丽的心灵。论文主要论述了麦琪的礼物中的主人翁德拉和吉姆互赠礼物所阐释的人性意识。首先，本文分析了亨利的小说关注人性的根本原因。其次，本文分析了亨利小说中的人性意识的反映。再次，展现麦琪的礼物所阐述了人类意识。作者旨在批判和鞭挞对资本主义社会的丑陋的行为，歌颂人性的纯真与美好。本论文采用实地经验、开放采访、观察法、文献分析法和案例研究进行研究。论文可以加深对《麦琪的礼物》的理解。36442
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毕业论文关键词: 欧▪亨利; 黑色幽默; 人性意识; 含泪的笑
Abstract The Gift of Magi is written by William Sydney Porter, also known as O • Henry, who is one of the world’s most prominent novelists in early 20th century. It is about Della and Jim who are the most intelligent people who use their own beautiful mind to give an invaluable gift to the other on the day before Christmas. This paper mainly discusses the human consciousness of Della and Jim in The Gift of Magi. On the basis of the theory of “Human Consciousness” in Henry’s novel, this paper mainly illustrated human consciousness. Firstly, this paper analyzes the fundamental cause of human nature in Henry’s novel. Secondly, this paper analyzes the reflection of human consciousness in Henry’s novel. Thirdly, it illustrated human consciousness in The Gift of Magi. The author aimed at reaching its critique and whipping on capitalist society of the ugly acts, and sings for the beauty of humanity. Hopefully this paper will be beneficial to the understanding of the novel.
Key words: O • Henry; Black humor; Human consciousness; Smile with tears
Contexts
摘要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. The Fundamental Cause of Human Consciousness as the Theme of Henry’s Novel 2
2.1 Personal Experiences 3
2.2. Social Background 4
III.The Reflection of Human Consciousness in Henry’s Novel 5
3.1 Criticism against Humanity Scandal 5
3.2 Praising Human Virtues 6
3.3 Characterizing the Pursuit of Goodness 7
IV. Illustrating Human Consciousness in The Gift of Magi 8
V. Conclusion 12
Bibliography 14
Acknowledgements 15
On the Human Consciousness Manifested in The Gift of Magi
I. Introduction
Along with the development of capitalism into monopoly, all kinds of social conflicts developed increasingly in the early 20th century in America. Henry lived in lower classes; all kinds of social phenomenon strengthen his sense of the contradiction. Twists and turns of life, rich experience, unique perspective and sharp observation make him generalize social phenomena vividly in his work, such as lower labor and poverty of the hardships of the masses, respectable upper-class crook, predatory oligarchs, unscrupulous sale of high-ranking government post, thieves, robbers, vagabond life, as well as unemployment, crime and so on. His work is full of compassion for the poor. But he tries his best to expose the bourgeois exploiters from different angles, revealing the angry rebellion against exploitation, oppression and aspiration. Henry has created more than 270 short stories, one novel and a small number of poems. Henry’s poetry reflects his attitude towards social conflicts. He wrote birds, old village, praises rangers and criticized the unfair social phenomena. But the smaller number of achievement was modest, and they have little effect. In contrast, many of his letters are wonderful essay, talking about life and creativity with his editor, expressing the author’s attitude towards life and creative ideas. Henry’s representative works are The Gift of Magi, The COP and The Anthem and The Last Leaf. His famous novels are The Unaware, The City Report, The Distribution Room of Furniture, Double Liar and other, which use true and accurate details, vivid and concise language to make a series of lifelike art image in front of the reader. And he occupies an important position in the history of the world short stories. Someone once put him as a “United States of Guy de Maupassant”.