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论文分为七个部分。第一部分是关于论文目的和意义的引言。第二部分是关于图式理论和听力教学的文献综述。第三部分仔细探讨了三段式听力教学的实际运用并提出了假设。第四部分介绍了小范围实验和问卷调查的实验步骤。实验结果和讨论分别记录在第五和第六部分。第七部分是结论和局限性。
毕业论文关键词：图式；图式理论；听力理解；英语听力教学
Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Literature Review 2
2.1 Schema Theory 2
2.1.1 The Concept of Schema 2
2.1.2 The Types of Schema 2
2.1.3 The Formation and Development of Schema Theory 3
2.2 Listening comprehension 4
2.2.1 Concepts 4
2.2.2 Modes 4
2.2.3 Influence Factors 5
2.3 Schema Theory and Listening Comprehension 5
2.3.1 Relieving Nervousness 5
2.3.2 Predicting 5
2.3.3 Filling the Information Gap 5
2.3.4 Filtering Information 6
2.3.5 Promoting Memorizing 6
3. Problem and Hypothesis 7
3.1 Problem 7
3.2 Hypothesis 8
4. Methods 9
4.1 Participants 9
4.2 Tools 9
4.3 Procedure 9
5. Data Analysis 10
5.1 The Result of Pre-test 10
5.2 The Result of Post-test 10
5.3 The result of questionnaires 10
6. Discussion 12
6.1 Discussion about the Scores 12
6.2 Discussion about the Questionnaires 12
7. Conclusion 13
Appendix A 14
Appendix B 16
Appendix C 17
Appendix D 18
References 19
1. Introduction
English is the most common language in the world. There are 400 million people who speak English as their mother tongue, and about 20 countries take English as official language or second language. The wide use of English is evident. With the expansion of China’s opening-door policy, the enhancement of communication with international community is extremely urgent. Virtually, verbal communication is the most important part in it, and that makes a request on language communicative ability of Chinese.
Language communicative ability refers to comprehensive ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Among them, understanding others by listening is the most essential. According to the data, human acquire information, 45% from listening, 30% from speaking, 25% from writing and reading. Thus, listing is the focus of daily communicating and the most important approach of acquiring information. The importance of listing is reflected on the English curriculum. Curriculum Reform of Elementary Education, The new English curriculum criteria for high schools pays more attention on enhancing the listening ability of students. Besides, listening comprehension is a significant part in English test system, such as college entrance exam, CET, TEM. However, Chinese students’ grades are generally unsatisfactory. According to data, 72.6% of college graduates, who have been learned English for 8-10 years, cannot apply this language in daily communicating. That makes requests for optimizing listening teaching.