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2. Literature Review源'自:优尔]'论-文'网"]www.youerw.com
2.1 An Overview on Eco-translatology
The theory of eco-translatology was firstly put forward by our Chinese domestic scholar, Professor Hu Gengshen on the basis of his book “Translation as Adaptation and Selection” written in 2008. Actually, eco-translatology has gone through more than ten years and has been gaining lots of attention in the academic field of translation studies and experiencing great development. Its research is composed of two classes: theory and application in China. Eco-translatology was first raised in China, but it draws much attention from all over the world. A lot of foreign scholars started to focus on the eco-translatology. For some examples, Michael Cronin, in his work Translation and Globalization, first put up with the notion of “translation ecology”. What’s more, the authoritative journal Perspective: Studies in Translatology published many papers, such as Translation as Adaptation and Selection (2003) and Adaptation in Consecutive Interpreting (2006). Daniel Gile, a French learned man, discussed the ways to adapt to the translational eco-environment when translating in his paper On Adaptation to the Translating Environment in Research on Translation.
So far, a number of papers on eco-translatology have been published and some applied researches on eco-translatology in different fields are increasing year by year. The core conception of eco-translatology is to establish “translation theory of adaptive selection of preliminary conception”, learnt from Darwin’s principle of “natural selection, survival of the fittest” to explore the philosophical theories and the feasibility of translation activities. Translation is a consequence of “natural selection” and an activity adapted and selected by the translator in his “translational environment”(Hu Gengshen, 2004:97). Such a translational eco-environment is made up of three systems, respectively, the source system, the original text system, and the target language system, which is both the collection of the factors that restrict the translators’ optimal adaptation and the premise of the translators’ multi-dimensional adaptation and adaptive selection (Hu Gengshen, 2003:288). Up to now, many scholars in translation field have made a lot of work and study on the effects that eco-translatology have on ancient books, advertising language, film title and subtitle translation, the applied study of ecological translation in Chinese prose are quite rare, so this paper attempts to explain the literary translation on the basis of eco-translatology. Therefore based on the studies discussed above, this thesis attempts to explore the eco-translatology in the two English versions of Zhu Ziqing’s Bei Ying.