In recent years, the most popular theory is the general empirical interpreting research with interdisciplinary input. The theory studies interpretation by combining cognitive psychology and sociology. 

French research Daniel Gile is the most well-known researcher in this field. Hailed as one the most productive researchers in interpretation, he involved in many experiments and put forward his famous mode: Effort Mode. In his book Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training, book he lay out the basic mode in interpretation: 

Consecutive interpretation (phase one) = (Listening and analysis) + (Note-taking) + (Short-term memory) + (Coordination).

Consecutive interpretation (phase two+ (Note-reading)+ (Production) (Daniel Gile, 1995: 124-133).