Abstract With the rapid development of science and technology, the interaction between China and other countries in science and technology is increasingly frequent。  As is known to all, the development of science can promote social development。  Thus, the translation of English for Science and Technology (EST in short) is becoming more and more significant。

Formal equivalence tends to emphasize fidelity to the lexical details and grammatical structure of the original language, while the desire for dynamic equivalence is that readers of both languages would understand the meanings of the text similarly。  Functional equivalence indicates the equivalence between the functions of the source and target texts (translation) in their cultures。

Obviously, passive structures are wildly used in English language and seldom employed in Chinese language。  In Chinese, there is a special phenomenon: many verbs express not only active meanings, but also passive meanings。  Therefore, the passive voice in English and Chinese could not always be in agreement。  Moreover, English has compact structures and rigorous logic; Chinese has various forms and stresses on coherence of meaning, which is fully demonstrated in the employment of English and Chinese passive voice。  Therefore, translation techniques of English passive sentences are relatively flexible。 73196

From the perspective of the functional equivalence proposed by Nida, this thesis will exemplify that this theory has reliable guiding significance to translation of EST。  It studies the passive structures of Chinese and English together with their characteristics, and with the excerpts of Zhuang Yichuan’s translation of the technical article Oil written by G。 C。 Thornley, then it makes a brief summary of translation techniques of passive voice in EST, on the purpose of offering learners and translators some help in translating passive voice。 

Keywords: functional equivalence; passive voice; EST

摘要随着科学技术的快速发展，中国和其他国家之间在科学技术方面的交流日益频繁。众所周知，科技的发展能够促进社会的发展。因此，科技英语的翻译变得愈加重要。

功能对等更强调与原文词汇和句法的对等，而动态对等更强调译文读者实际理解效果和原文读者的效果上的对等。功能对等表明了原文和译文在其文化功能上的对等。

显而易见的是，英语广泛使用被动语态，而中文很少使用被动语态，原因在于中文存在特殊的语言现象：许多动词不仅能够表达主动意义，而且能够表达被动意义。因此被动中文中的被动语态和英文中的被动语态无法总是相等。此外，英语结构严谨，逻辑严密，而中文形式多样，且强调意义连贯，而这在中英被动语态中得到充分体现。因此，英语被动语态的翻译技巧相对灵活。

本文拟在尤金·奈达的“功能对等”理论的视角下，用实例证明“功能对等”理论对科技英语翻译具有切实可靠的指导意义。文章探讨了中英文的被动结构特征，并通过分析庄绎传对G。C。索恩利的英语科技文《油》的译文，简单地总结研究了科技英语中被动语态的翻译技巧，以期在学者和译者处理被动语态的翻译时有一定帮助。

毕业论文关键词：功能对等；被动语态；科技英语

Contents

1。 Introduction 1

2。 Literature Review 2

2。1 Previous studies on functional equivalence。。3

2。2 Previous studies on the translation of passive voice 4

3。 Analysis of the Translation Techniques of Passive Voice in EST。。。。。5

3。1 Converting English passive voice to Chinese passive voice