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摘要：职业卫生健康在中国重视程度相较国外起步较晚，如今在我国，职业危害情况较为严峻，因此，职业危害评价就显得尤为重要。在众多行业中，职业病危害事故高发行业为一些重点行业如电子设备制造业、金属制品业、化学制品制造业、机械制造业等，此次选择对机械制造业的某家企业进行职业危害评价。本文内容包括职业危害评价背景、方法、评价结果和防范对策等，分析了国内外职业危害评价的现状，比较各国评价方法，分析评价对象该企业的生产过程中的职业危害因素，评价方法选用可拓学理论建立物元模型并层次分析法定评价权重，得出该企业职业危害评价体系为优秀，更通过对评价过程中的权重分析，提出相应的管理制度对策和技术改进防范对策。35355
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毕业论文关键词：职业危害评价；层次分析法；可拓学理论
An Assessment of the Occupational Hazards and the Countermeasures of a Mechanical Company
Abstract:The emphasis on occupational health in China started relatively late compared to overseas, nowadays, in our country, the situation is more severe on occupational hazards, therefore, the assessment of occupational hazard is particularly essential. Among many sorts of industry, there is a high incidence of occupational hazards existing in a number of key industries such as electronics equipment manufacturing, fabricated metal products, chemical products manufacturing and machinery manufacturing and so on, thus, the assessment of a machinery manufacturing enterprises occupational hazard is chosen. In this article, the content is included the occupational hazard evaluation background, assessment methods, evaluation results and preventive countermeasures, etc., analyzing the current situation at domestic and abroad occupational hazards assessments, comparing national evaluation methods, analyses and evaluation of the object of the company's production process, occupational hazards. The evaluation methods chosen extension theory to establish matter with the legal evaluation AHP weights. The assessment result is drawn that the occupational hazard assessment system in this mechanical company is excellent. Moreover, through the evaluation process of weight analysis,corresponding countermeasures on management systems and technology improvements.
Key Words: Occupational Hazard Assessment; AHP; Extension Theory
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 选题背景和意义 1
1.1.1 我国职业危害现状 1
1.1.2 机械行业职业危害 1
1.1.3 研究目的与意义 2
1.2 职业卫生工作现状 2
1.2.1我国国内职业卫生工作现状 2
1.2.2国外职业卫生现状 3
1.2.3我国机械行业职业卫生工作现状 3
1.3 研究内容 3
2 某公司企业概况及工艺流程 4
2.1 某公司基本概况情况 4
2.2生产工艺流程 4
2.2.1蒸汽类阀门生产工艺流程 4
2.2.2非蒸汽类阀门生产工艺流程 6
2.2.3蠕动泵生产工艺流程 7
2.3辅助生产区基本情况 7
3 职业危害因素辨识及危害 8
3.1职业危害因素辨识 8
3.1.1 化学性物质 8
3.1.2 粉尘 8
3.1.3 物理因素 9
3.1.4 其他因素 9
3.2职业危害因素对人体的危害 9
3.2.1化学性物质对人体危害 9
3.2.2粉尘对人体危害 10
3.2.3 物理因素对人体危害 10