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摘要离子液体催化剂体系的应用减少了有机溶剂的使用量，这对于保护环境和生态平衡有着很重大的意义。将功能化离子液体固载化，结合离子液体和固相载体材料的优点，作为催化剂或介质应用于反应，可减少离子液体的用量，更有利于产物和原料的分离和催化剂的循环使用，并且可大大减少离子液体在使用过程中的流失，更为经济。本论文以硅胶为载体, 采用化学键合法制备负载化酸性离子液体催化剂, 利用核磁共振氢谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱和热重一差示扫描量热法等方法对催化剂结构进行了表征。10392
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通过实验, 得到负载量为38.17%的硅胶负载型酸性离子液体〔SO3H-IL@SiO2〕。将其应用于苯基吡喃化合物的合成, 得出较佳反应条件为在80℃下 , 以乙腈为溶剂, 此时产率可达82%。催化剂重复使用4次后, 产率仍可达到60.9%。结果表明该硅胶负载型酸性离子液体对于苯基吡喃类化合物具有广泛的适用性，对于大部分芳香醛，带吸电基和供电基的化合物均能获得较高产率。而一些比较不活泼的脂肪醛，在该催化剂的作用下，也能获得一定的产率。
关键词 硅胶 酸性离子液体 化学键合 苯基吡喃化合物 绿色化学
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title The preparation and application of ionic liquid supported on silica gel as a catalyst.
Abstract
The application of ionic liquid catalyst system can reduce the use of organic solvent. So it can protect the environment, and is of momentous significance to ecological balance. The supported ionic liquids combined the advantages of ionic liquid and solid phase carrier material.as a catalyst or medium applied in response, it can reduce the dosage of ionic liquid, and is more advantageous to the products and raw material separation and recycling of the catalyst. What’s more,the new tye of ionic liquids can greatly reduce the use of ionic liquids in in the process of reaction,which is more economic. With silica gel as the carrier, the acidic ionic liquid catalystw was made in the way of chemical bondes. Some spectrum was used to characterize the catalyst,such as 1HNMR, IR, TG and so on. The results show that, the capacity of the liquid acid loaded on silica gel(SO3H-IL@SiO2) is up to 38.17%. The application in the synthesis of phenyl pyranoid compounds shows that, the reaction will be better in the environmentof 80℃ and choosing acetonitrile as the solvent. In this condition , the production rate can amount to 82%. After using the catalyst for four times, the production rate can still reach 60.9%.
Keywords silica gel; ionic liquid; chemically bonded; phenyl pyranoid compounds; green chemistry
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 离子液体概述 1
1.1.1 离子液体的研究进展 1
1.1.2 离子液体的分类 2
1.1.3 离子液体的性质 3
1.2 离子液体的应用发展 3
1.2.1 分离提纯 3
1.2.2 电化学研究 3
1.2.3 化学反应 4
1.3 作为催化剂的应用 6
1.3.1 离子液体直接作为催化剂 6
1.3.2 离子液体作为助催化剂 6
1.3.3 离子液体作为催化剂配体 7
1.4 新型固载化离子液体制备方法研究进展 7
1.4.1 吸附负载 7